Person on leave - employee

... refers to the group of people who have a job and earn an income, i.e. employed persons (also called employed persons). Employed persons are further divided into those who actually worked during a certain (survey) period (employee) and those who did not work at all (furloughed persons). In order to statistically determine whether someone is employed or not, the issue of the "period" to be grasped becomes an issue, and there are two ways to do this.

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "employees on leave" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…職業に就き収入を得ている人間＝就業者(有業者ともいう)の集まりをいう。就業者はさらに，ある一定(調査)期間中現実に仕事をしていた者(従業者)と，まったくしなかった者(休業者)に分けられる。統計的に就業者であるか否かを規定するためには，把握すべき〈期間〉が問題となるが，これには二つの方法がある。…

※「休業者」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報