A volcano occupying the northeastern part of Aomori Prefecture and the northern part of the Shimokita Peninsula. It is also called "Osoreyama." The mountain is roughly conical in shape, with a caldera about 4 kilometers in diameter at the summit. The surrounding somma include Mt. Ozukushi, Mt. Byobu, Mt. Hokkoku, and Mt. Kozukushi, and outside of those are the parasitic volcanoes Mt. Kamabuse and Mt. Asahina. It is made of quartz trachyte and pyroxene andesite, and erupted on top of the underlying Tertiary layer. Inside the caldera is Lake Usoriyama, which is roughly circular and about 2 kilometers in diameter. There are numerous sulfur vents around the lake, and no plants can grow there, creating a strange landscape. Entsu-ji Temple, said to have been founded by Ennin, the Buddhist monk, in 862 (Jogan 4), is located in a corner of the north bank. It is considered one of Japan's three major sacred sites along with Mount Koya and Mount Hiei, and is known as a mountain of faith. Upon entering the temple gate, there are more than 40 stone lanterns lined up on both sides, and a path leads to the main hall at the back of the temple grounds. The temple grounds include the main hall, lodgings, bathhouses, and other buildings. There are also places called Jigokudani, Sai no Kawara, and Gokurakuhama, with small stone mounds and stupas scattered about, and the sulfurous gas spewing from the sulfur vents filling the air, creating a desolate landscape. Osorezan is said to be a mountain where the dead gather, and the Osorezan Grand Festival from July 20th to 24th is crowded with pilgrims and tourists, and throughout the temple grounds, shrine maidens known as "Itako" perform spirit possession, and old women can be seen crying as they converse with the dead. There are 60 springs of various sizes within the grounds of Entsu-ji Temple at Osorezan, and the ones with the largest volumes of hot water and the highest temperatures are used for bathing. There are four bath huts called Furutaki-no-yu, Yakushi-no-yu, Reibuki-no-yu, and Hanasome-no-yu. [Hiroshi Yokoyama] "Religion in Shimokita" by Masahiro Kusunoki (1967, Heibonsha) A volcano located in the northern part of the Shimokita Peninsula and belonging to the Nasu volcanic belt. The sulfurous fumes create a desolate scene. Part of the Shimokita Peninsula Quasi-National Park. Mutsu City, Aomori Prefecture ©Shogakukan "> Mount Osore Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
青森県北東部、下北半島の北部を占める火山。「おそれやま」ともいう。山体はほぼ円錐(えんすい)形で、山頂に直径約4キロメートルのカルデラを形成している。周囲の外輪山には大尽(おおづくし)山をはじめ、屏風(びょうぶ)山、北国山、小尽(こづくし)山などがあり、その外部には寄生火山の釜臥(かまぶせ)山、朝比奈(あさひな)岳などがある。石英粗面岩、輝石安山岩などからなり、基底をなす第三紀層の上に噴出したものである。カルデラの内部には直径約2キロメートル、ほぼ円形の宇曽利山湖(うそりやまこ)がある。湖の周囲には多数の硫気孔があって、植物が育たず、一種異様な風景を展開する。北岸の一角に862年(貞観4)慈覚大師円仁(えんにん)が開いたとされる円通寺があり、高野山(こうやさん)、比叡山(ひえいざん)とともに日本三大霊場の一つとされ、信仰の山として知られる。円通寺の山門を入ると両側に40基以上の石灯籠(どうろう)が並び、境内の奥の本堂まで続く参道がある。境内には本殿、宿坊、湯小屋などの建物がある。また地獄谷、賽(さい)の河原(かわら)、極楽浜などとよばれる場所があり、石積みの小山、卒塔婆(そとば)などが散在し、硫気孔から噴出する亜硫酸ガスが立ちこめ、荒涼とした風景をみせる。恐山は死者の集まる山とされ、7月20~24日の恐山大祭には参詣(さんけい)人と観光客でにぎわい、境内の至る所で「いたこ」とよばれる巫女(みこ)の口寄せが行われ、死者との会話に涙する老女の姿がみられる。恐山円通寺境内に大小60もの泉源があり、そのなかで湯量が多く泉温の高いものが浴用に利用されている。古滝の湯、薬師の湯、冷抜の湯、花染の湯とよばれる四つの湯小屋がある。 [横山 弘] 『楠正弘著『下北の宗教』(1967・平凡社)』 下北半島北部にあり、那須火山帯に属する火山。硫黄の噴気で荒涼とした光景である。下北半島国定公園の一部。青森県むつ市©Shogakukan"> 恐山 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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