A volcano that has not erupted in recent years, but has records of eruptions. Generally, fumarolic geothermal phenomena are observed, and at times, abnormal volcanic phenomena such as increased activity and earthquake swarms occur, and there is a risk of future eruptions. However, this "recent" is understood to mean several decades, but is not clearly defined. Typical examples are Mount Unzen, Mount Fuji, and Mount Bandai. However, the term "dormant volcano" is rarely used these days. In the past, a classification method was widespread that divided volcanoes into three categories: active, dormant, and extinct, but this classification was abandoned due to its many contradictions and irrational points. The new volcano classification defines an active volcano as a volcano that is still alive and may erupt in the future, and includes all active and dormant volcanoes according to the previous classification, as well as some extinct volcanoes. [Akira Suwa] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
近年は噴火しないが、噴火の記録が残されている火山。一般に、現に噴気地熱現象が認められ、ときにはその活発化や地震群発などの火山性異常現象も発生し、今後も噴火するおそれがある。ただし、この「近年」は数十年程度と解されるが、明確に定められてはいない。雲仙(うんぜん)岳、富士山、磐梯(ばんだい)山などが代表例である。しかし最近では「休火山」の語はほとんど用いられない。かつては、火山を活火山、休火山、死火山に三分する分類法が普及していたが、この分類は矛盾や不合理の点が多く、廃れた。新しい火山分類では、活火山を、まだ生きており、今後も噴火のおそれがある火山と定義し、従来の分類による活火山、休火山全部と死火山の一部までも含ませている。 [諏訪 彰] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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