Cinchona alkaloids

A general term for alkaloids obtained from the bark of trees of the Cinchona and Remijia genera of the Rubiaceae family. There are more than 30 types, including quinine, quinidine, cinchonine, and cupreine. Many have a structure in which a quinuclidine nucleus and a quinoline nucleus are linked via one carbon atom, but quinamine has an indole nucleus. The alkaloids are found in combination with quinic acid or quinatannic acid in the bark of the trunk, as well as in the bark of the branches and roots, and in the seeds. The alkaloid content of cultivated bark is 7-10%, of which 70% is quinine. To detect it, a small amount of bark is placed in a test tube and slowly heated, which produces purple steam. A solution extracted with dilute sulfuric acid emits blue fluorescence. It is used as an antimalarial drug and a bitter stomachic.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

アカネ科Cinchona属およびRemijia属の樹皮から得られるアルカロイドの総称．キニーネ，キニジン，シンコニン，クプレインなど30種類以上存在する．キヌクリジン核とキノリン核が1個のC原子を介して連結した構造のものが多いが，キナミンはインドール核をもつ．アルカロイドはキナ酸またはキナタンニン酸と結合して幹皮のほか，枝および根の皮部に，また種子にも存在している．栽培品の樹皮のアルカロイド含量は7～10％ で，このうち70％ がキニーネである．検出法は，試験管に樹皮の少量をとり，徐々に加熱すると紫色の蒸気を発生する．また，希硫酸で抽出した溶液は青色の蛍光を発する．抗マラリア薬，苦味健胃などに用いられる．

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