Naval gun

Japanese: 艦砲 - かんぽう（英語表記）naval gun

A type of artillery mounted on ships. Until the beginning of the 16th century, naval battles were fought by destroying enemy ships with ramming or boarding battles, so the cannons mounted on warships were only light ones for killing people. However, with the appearance of galleons and the transition to ship-to-ship gunfights, naval guns became heavier and larger. After that, the power of naval guns increased as artillery developed. In the Battle of Trafalgar, the range was about 1,000m, but in World War II, the Japanese battleships Yamato and Musashi were equipped with 46cm main guns, the largest caliber in history, and the range extended to over 40,000m. Naval guns are broadly divided into two types: those that are mounted directly on the deck and those that are built into a turret. Until the time of H. Nelson, the hit of the shell relied on the gunner's intuition. As the range increased, the trajectory became more complex, fire control systems developed, and radar began to be used in World War II. Most modern naval guns are dual-purpose guns, with high muzzle velocities, high rates of fire, and advanced automation. Some also use guided shells (→smart shells) or shells with auxiliary rockets.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

艦船に搭載される火砲。 16世紀初めまでは，衝角で敵船を破壊するか，接舷移乗戦闘によって海上戦闘が戦われたので，軍船に積まれる大砲は，対人殺傷用の軽量のものにすぎなかったが，ガレオン船が登場して艦対艦の砲撃戦の時代に移行すると，艦砲は重く，大きくなった。その後，艦砲は火砲の発達に従って威力が増大した。トラファルガルの戦いでは，射程は約 1000mであったのが，第2次世界大戦では日本の戦艦『大和』『武蔵』が史上最大の口径をもつ 46cm主砲を装備し，射程は4万m以上に延びた。艦砲はそのまま甲板に据えられるものと砲塔に組込まれるものの2種に大別される。 H.ネルソンの時代まで，弾着は砲手の勘に頼った。射程が延びるとともに，弾道も複雑となり，射撃指揮装置が発達し，第2次世界大戦ではレーダが使われるようになった。現在の艦砲は，ほとんどが水平，高角両用砲で，高初速，高発射速度および自動化が進んでいる。補助ロケット付き砲弾，誘導砲弾 (→スマート砲弾 ) などを使用するものもある。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Kameralwissenschaft (English: Kambougaku)

>>: Official Gazette - Kanpo