A railway ferry that operated on the route connecting Shimonoseki and Busan in Korea until the end of World War II. This regular route was opened in September 1905 (Meiji 38) by the Sanyo Railway Co., Ltd. as an ancillary business. It was nationalized along with the Sanyo Railway the following year, and played an important political, military and economic role as part of an international trunk route connecting the Sanyo Line with the Keifu Railway and connecting the former Manchuria and even Europe. The first ships to operate were the Iki Maru and Tsushima Maru (both 1,680 tons), and the journey took 11 and a half hours. Large ships, the Keifuku Maru and Tokuju Maru, were built in 1922 (Taisho 11), followed by the Shokei Maru the following year (both 3,600 ton class), and the Kongo Maru and Koan Maru (both 7,000 ton class) high-speed luxury passenger ships launched in 1936 (Showa 11), shortening the travel time to seven and a half hours. The Kanko Ferry has been in service since 1970. [Shoji Matsuzawa] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
第二次世界大戦終了まで下関(しものせき)と朝鮮の釜山(ふざん/プサン)を結ぶ航路に就航していた鉄道連絡船。この定期航路は1905年(明治38)9月、山陽鉄道株式会社が付帯事業として開設した。翌年山陽鉄道とともに国有化され、山陽線と京釜(けいふ)鉄道を結び、旧満州さらにはヨーロッパに連絡する国際幹線路の一部として政治・軍事・経済的に重要な役割を果たした。最初の就航船は壱岐(いき)丸、対馬(つしま)丸(どちらも1680トン)で、所要時間は11時間半。1922年(大正11)には景福丸と徳寿丸、翌23年に昌慶丸(どちらも3600トン級)の大型船が建造され、36年(昭和11)には金剛丸、翌37年に興安丸(どちらも7000トン級)の高速豪華客船が就航し、所要時間も7時間半と短縮された。なお、1970年以降は関釜フェリーが就航している。 [松澤正二] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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