Addison, Joseph

Japanese: アディソン（英語表記）Addison， Joseph

Born: May 1, 1672, Millstone, Wiltshire
[Died] June 17, 1719. London. British essayist and critic. After graduating from Oxford University, he held important government positions and was elected as a member of Parliament in 1708. Together with his old friend Steele, he founded The Tatler (1709-11) and The Spectator (11-12), critical and essay newspapers. He wrote simple essays on topics such as morality, religion, and art, mainly for the middle class, and won many readers. His tragedy Cato (13) was a great success, partly due to the conflict between political parties at the time. With the return of the Whig government in 1714, he became secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and in 1717 he became Minister of State. He is known for his contributions in establishing the foundations of 18th century civic literature by inventing a style of clear and articulate prose.

Addison

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Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1672.5.1. ウィルトシャー，ミルストン
[没]1719.6.17. ロンドン
イギリスの随筆家，評論家。オックスフォード大学卒業後，政府の要職につき 1708年国会議員。旧友スティールとともに評論・随筆新聞『タトラー』 The Tatler (1709～11) および『スペクテーター』 The Spectator (11～12) を創刊，主として中産階級を相手に道徳，宗教，芸術の話題を平易に説き，多くの読者を得た。悲劇『カトー』 Cato (13) は当時の政党間の対立もからみ大成功を収めた。 14年ホイッグ党内閣の復活とともにアイルランド総督秘書官，17年には大臣となった。平明達意な散文のスタイルを創始して，18世紀市民文学の基礎を確立した功績は大きい。