This mountain range lies from the western part of the Kanto region to the eastern part of the Chubu region, and spans the five prefectures of Gunma, Saitama, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Nagano, and Yamanashi. It extends from the south of the valley of the Usui River in the north to the Tanzawa Mountains in the south, and its eastern edge is bordered by the Kanto Plain with a fault scarp (Hachioji Tectonic Line) running north-south, while its western edge is bounded by the Chikuma River. It is roughly 130 km north-south and 60 km east-west, forming an almost elongated ellipse. The source areas of the Arakawa and Chikuma Rivers are called the Chichibu Mountains, and the area south of the Katsura River in the south is called the Doshi Mountains and Tanzawa Mountains. Overall, the area is a mature topography with high peaks and deep valleys alternating, and the ridgeline that connects Mt. Mikuni (1,834 meters), Mt. Kobushi (2,475 meters), and Mt. Daibosatsu (2,057 meters), which form the main watershed, leans to the west, and the main range includes Mt. Kumotori (2,017 meters), Mt. Kasatori (1,953 meters), Mt. Hafu (2,318 meters), and other high peaks such as Mt. Kinpu (2,599 meters) and Mt. Kokushi (2,592 meters) in the southwest. There are many large rivers that flow from the Kanto Mountains, such as the Kabura River, the Kanna River, the Arakawa River, the Tama River, the Chikuma River, and the Fuefuki River. The main strata that make up the mountainous region are Palaeozoic strata (Chichibu, Mikabu, Sanbagawa, Kobotoke), Mesozoic strata (Jurassic, Cretaceous), and Tertiary strata (Misaka Formation). These are often exposed on the valley walls of the main and tributaries of various rivers, creating many beautiful valleys. The mountainous areas are lush with man-made forests of cedar and cypress, as well as natural forests of beech, oak, chestnut, and oak, and the river basins, particularly the Kanagawa and Arakawa rivers, have long been known for producing a wealth of high-quality useful timber. Several large dams have been built on the Kanagawa, Arakawa, Sagami, and Sakawa rivers, providing hydroelectric power and supplying urban and industrial water for the Keihin area. Chichibu and Okutama are also rich in high-quality limestone, and the cement industry is thriving at the foot of the mountains. Mount Mitsumine in Chichibu, Mount Mitake in Okutama, and Mount Oyama in Sagami have long been known as training grounds for Shugendo, and even today many religious climbers from various regions, including the Kanto region, Tohoku, Koshin, and Tokai, gather here, and religious climber settlements have developed around lodgings. The mountainous region centered on the Kanto Mountains and spanning Saitama, Tokyo, Nagano, and Yamanashi prefectures is part of Chichibu-Tama-Kai National Park, while Tanzawa and Mount Oyama in the south are part of Tanzawa-Oyama Quasi-National Park, while the area around Usui Pass in the north is part of Joshin'etsu-Kogen National Park, and the area south of that is part of Myogi-Arafune-Saku-Kogen Quasi-National Park. They are covered in forests, many of them have beautiful valleys, and offer vast views from the nature trails along the ridges. In addition, they are home to deer, chamois and other mountain mammals, and are widely used for hiking, sightseeing and nature observation, especially by young people from the metropolitan area. [Yukio Asaka] A mountain (2057m above sea level) located in northeastern Yamanashi Prefecture, about 2km northwest of Daibosatsu Pass. A hiking trail is maintained from Daibosatsu Pass, and it is crowded with hikers in the seasons of new greenery and autumn leaves. It is part of Chichibu Tama Kai National Park. Tanbayama Village and Koshu City, Kitatsuru District, Yamanashi Prefecture ©Yamanashi Tourism Promotion Organization "> Daibosatsu-Ryō Located in the western part of the Chichibu Mountains, this is one of the main peaks in the mountain range. It is 2,599m above sea level. It was once a sacred mountain. At the summit stands Gojoiwa, the symbol of the mountain. The photo shows the view from Mt. Kokushigatake to the east. It is part of Chichibu-Tama-Kai National Park. Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture / Kawakami Village, Minamisaku District, Nagano Prefecture © Yamanashi Tourism Organization Mount Kinpu A famous mountain (center back in the photo) located at the southwestern edge of Ome City. It is 929m above sea level. It is also called Bushu Ontake. On the summit is Ontake Shrine, which was established through the faith of Edo townspeople (Ontake-ko). Even today, it is visited by many tourists as a tourist spot near Tokyo. It is part of Chichibu Tama Kai National Park. Ome City, Tokyo © Ome City Tourism Association "> Mount Mitake Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
関東地方の西部から中部地方の東部にかけて横たわり、群馬、埼玉、東京、神奈川、長野、山梨の1都5県にまたがる山地。北は碓氷川(うすいがわ)の谷の南方から、南は丹沢山地(たんざわさんち)にかけて広がり、東縁は南北方向に走る断層崖(がい)(八王子構造線)をもって関東平野に接し、西縁は千曲川(ちくまがわ)で限られている。南北約130キロメートル、東西約60キロメートルで、ほぼ長楕円(ちょうだえん)形をなしている。このうち、荒川、千曲川の源流地域は秩父山地(ちちぶさんち)、南のほぼ桂(かつら)川以南は道志山地(どうしさんち)、丹沢山地とよばれる。全体として、高い峰に深い谷が交互に連なる壮年期地形をなし、主分水界をなす三国(みくに)山(1834メートル)、甲武信(こぶし)ヶ岳(2475メートル)、大菩薩(だいぼさつ)嶺(2057メートル)を連ねる稜線(りょうせん)は西に偏り、主脈には雲取(くもとり)山(2017メートル)、笠取(かさとり)山(1953メートル)、破不(はふ)山(2318メートル)などがあり、ほかに南西部に金峰(きんぷ)山(2599メートル)、国師(こくし)ヶ岳(2592メートル)などの高峰がある。関東山地から流れる河川には、鏑(かぶら)川、神流(かんな)川、荒川、多摩川、千曲川、笛吹(ふえふき)川など大きなものが多い。山地の主体をなす地層は、古生層(秩父系、御荷鉾(みかぶ)系、三波川(さんばがわ)系、小仏(こぼとけ)系)、中生層(ジュラ系、白亜系)、第三紀層(御坂(みさか)層)であり、諸川の本・支流の谷壁に露出していてよく観察され、渓谷美をつくる所が少なくない。 山地には、スギ、ヒノキなどの人工林や、ブナ、コナラ、クリ、カシなどの自然林がよく茂り、河川の流域、ことに神流川、荒川の流域は古くから良質の有用材を多く産出するので知られる。神流川、荒川、相模(さがみ)川、酒匂(さかわ)川には大規模なダムがいくつもつくられていて、水力発電や京浜の都市用水、工業用水の供給源をなしている。また秩父、奥多摩には良質の石灰石が豊富に埋蔵され、山麓(さんろく)にセメント工業がおこっている。 秩父の三峰山(みつみねさん)や奥多摩の御岳山(みたけさん)、相模の大山(おおやま)は古くから修験道(しゅげんどう)の修行道場として知られた所で、いまも関東をはじめ東北、甲信、東海などの諸地域から信仰登山者が多く集まり、宿坊を中心とした信仰登山集落が発達している。関東山地を中心とする埼玉、東京、長野、山梨の1都3県にわたる山地地域は秩父多摩甲斐(ちちぶたまかい)国立公園に、南の丹沢、大山は丹沢大山国定公園に、また北部の碓氷(うすい)峠付近は上信越高原国立公園、その南は妙義(みょうぎ)荒船佐久高原国定公園に指定されている。それらは森林に覆われ、渓谷美が多く、稜線の自然歩道からの展望が広大なうえに、シカ、カモシカその他の深山性哺乳(ほにゅう)類がすみ、首都圏の青少年をはじめとして、広く登山、探勝、自然観察などに利用されている。 [浅香幸雄] 山梨県北東部、大菩薩峠の北西約2kmにある山(標高2057m)。大菩薩峠からは登山道が整備され、新緑や紅葉の季節には登山客でにぎわう。秩父多摩甲斐国立公園の一部。山梨県北都留郡丹波山村・甲州市©やまなし観光推進機構"> 大菩薩嶺 秩父山地西部に位置する、同山地の主峰の一つ。標高2599m。かつては霊場の山であった。山頂には山のシンボル、五丈岩が立つ。写真は東方の国師ヶ岳からの眺望。秩父多摩甲斐国立公園の一部。山梨県甲府市/長野県南佐久郡川上村©やまなし観光推進機構"> 金峰山 青梅市南西端にある名山(写真中央奥)。標高929m。武州御岳ともよばれる。山頂には江戸町民の信仰(御岳講)によって開けた御嶽神社が鎮座する。現在も東京近郊の観光地として多くの観光客が訪れる。秩父多摩甲斐国立公園の一部。東京都青梅市©一般社団法人青梅市観光協会"> 御岳山 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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