Ganden Monastery

...The Ming Dynasty, which had taken this as a warning, began to adopt an active policy of appeasement toward Tibet during the reign of Emperor Yongle. In particular, ethnic groups with temples in Qinghai and Kham regions entered the court in the hope of receiving tribute, and for about a century they indulged in the obscene requests of the harem, confusing successive emperors and leaving an indelible impression in China that Tibetan Buddhism was an obscene cult. Around the beginning of the 15th century, a brilliant monk called Tsongkhapa appeared and built the Ganden monastery 40 km east of Lhasa, where he founded a sect called Gelu (virtuous deeds) or Yellow Hat. He was born near Xining in Qinghai, traveled to central Tibet, and went to Tsang in the west, where he studied under the Sakya sect's Rendawa (1349-1412) and others, learning the two teachings of exoteric and esoteric Buddhism, especially the philosophy of the Madhyamaka-Incredible School and Tantric Buddhism.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to Ganden Monastery is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…このことを戒めとしていた明朝も，永楽帝時代にチベットに対して積極的な懐柔政策をとりはじめると，特に青海やカム(喀木)地方で寺院を擁していた民族が，通貢の利得をねらって宮廷に入りこみ，約1世紀にわたって後宮の猥褻（わいせつ）な要請におもねり，歴代皇帝を惑乱して，チベット仏教を淫祠邪教とするぬぐいがたい印象を中国に残した。　15世紀初めころ，ツォンカパと呼ばれる天才的な僧が現れて，ラサの東方40kmの地にガンデン大僧院を建て，ゲルー(〈徳行〉)，あるいは黄帽派ともいわれる一宗を開いた。青海の西寧近くに生まれ，中央チベットに出て，西寄りのツァンに赴き，サキャ派のレンダーワ(1349‐1412)などに師事して顕密2教，特に中観帰謬論証派の哲学やタントラ仏教を学んだ。…

※「ガンデン大僧院」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報