A compound of iron and carbon monoxide. Three types are known, depending on the composition ratio. (1) Iron pentacarbonyl, iron pentacarbonyl Fe(CO) 5 . It is produced by heating and reacting reduced iron, obtained by reducing ferric oxide, with carbon monoxide under pressure. It is a yellow liquid at room temperature. Melting point -20°C, boiling point 103°C. It is practically insoluble in water, and easily soluble in organic solvents. It easily ignites in air. It is used as a raw material for catalysts and pure iron for magnets. (2) Diiron nonacarbonyl, diiron nonacarbonyl Fe 2 (CO) 9 . It is produced by dissolving iron pentacarbonyl in glacial acetic acid or acetic anhydride, and irradiating it with ultraviolet light while passing hydrogen through it. It is an orange-yellow crystal with a metallic luster. It is insoluble in ether and benzene, and slightly soluble in ethyl alcohol and methyl alcohol. It decomposes at 100-120°C to iron pentacarbonyl. It is more reactive than iron pentacarbonyl. It is stable in dry air. (3) Triiron dodecacarbonyl, triiron dodecacarbonyl, Fe 3 (CO) 12 . Obtained by heating diiron nonacarbonyl with toluene in carbon dioxide. Deep purple, dichroic crystals. Decomposition point is about 140°C. Insoluble in water, dissolves in organic solvents to give a deep purple color. Unstable in air. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
鉄に一酸化炭素が化合した化合物で,組成比により3種のものが知られている。 (1) ペンタカルボニル鉄,五カルボニル鉄 Fe(CO)5 。酸化第二鉄を還元して得られる還元鉄と一酸化炭素を加圧下で加熱反応させて生成する。常温で黄色液体。融点-20℃,沸点 103℃。水にほとんど不溶,有機溶媒に易溶。空気中で容易に発火。触媒や磁石用純鉄の原料に用いられる。 (2) ノナカルボニル二鉄,九カルボニル二鉄 Fe2(CO)9 。ペンタカルボニル鉄を氷酢酸または無水酢酸に溶かし,水素を通じながら紫外線を照射して得られる。金属光沢のある橙黄色結晶。エーテル,ベンゼンに不溶,エチルアルコール,メチルアルコールにやや溶ける。 100~120℃で分解して五カルボニル鉄となる。五カルボニル鉄より反応性は大きい。乾燥空気中では安定。 (3) ドデカカルボニル三鉄,十二カルボニル三鉄 Fe3(CO)12 。二酸化炭素中でノナカルボニル二鉄をトルエンとともに加熱して得る。濃紫色,二色性をもつ結晶。分解点約 140℃。水に不溶,有機溶媒に溶けて濃紫色を呈する。空気中では不安定。
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