Cartesian Geometry

Japanese: カルテシアン幾何学 - かるてしあんきかがく
Cartesian Geometry

...Geometry considers the properties of figures in planes and space, and there are two ways of dealing with this. One is the classical method by Euclid, which begins with basic propositions called axioms and postulates, and then uses logical reasoning to gradually prove the properties of the figures. In this case, numbers and algebra are not used, and figures are used exclusively. The other method was devised by P. de Fermat and R. Descartes, which introduces coordinates into planes and space, represents figures in terms of relationships between numbers, and conversely, represents relationships between numbers in figures, translates geometric problems into numerical problems, and solves geometric problems through algebraic calculations. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Cartesian geometry" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…幾何学は平面および空間における図形の性質を考察するが,この取扱いに二つの方法がある。一つはユークリッドによる古典的方法で,公理や公準と呼ばれる基礎の命題からはじめて論理的な論法で図形の性質を順次に証明していくという方法である。この際,数や代数学は用いられず,もっぱら図形が使用される。他の方法はP.deフェルマーやR.デカルトによって案出された方法で,平面や空間に座標を導入して,図形を数の間の関係によって表し,また逆に数の間の関係を図形で表現して,図形の問題を数の問題に翻訳し,代数の計算によって幾何の問題を処理するというものである。…

※「カルテシアン幾何学」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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