Starting from the demonstrative certainty of self-consciousness (I think), phenomenological philosophers were concerned with the question of how to establish the basis for intersubjectivity, that is, the community with the other self, which is a subjectivity with equal rights to the self, and the objective and public understanding of the objective world that is based on it. Husserl's theory of the other self is called "awareness by analogy," and he argues that another body/object "pairs" with my body (which is not simply an object), thereby achieving a "transfer of meaning" of the other self 's body to the other body/object. However, "awareness by analogy" is not a simple analogical action, but a kind of presence called "indirect presence." It is worth noting that, although the problematic situation is different, Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit" already presents the perspective of community, "the self that is us, and we that are the self." [Yoshisuke Yamazaki] “Development of Phenomenology” by Yosuke Yamazaki (1974, Shinyosha)” Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
現象学派の哲学者たちは、自己意識(われ思う)の直証的確実性から出発するとき、自我と等しい権利をもつ主観性である他我との共同、つまり間主観性、およびそれをよりどころとする対象世界の客観的・公共的な把握はいかにして基礎づけられるかという問題に腐心した。フッサールの他我論は「類比による統覚」とよばれるもので、他の身体=物体が私の身体(これは単に物体ではない)と「対(つい)」を組み、そのことによって他の身体=物体に他我の身体という「意味の転移」が成就(じょうじゅ)すると説く。ただし、「類比による統覚」は単なる類推作用ではなく、「間接現前」とよばれる一種の現前であるとされる。なお、問題場面は異なるが、ヘーゲルの『精神現象学』にすでに、「われわれである自我、自我であるわれわれ」という共同性の観点が提出されているのは、特筆大書に値する。 [山崎庸佑] 『山崎庸佑著『現象学の展開』(1974・新曜社)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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