Karst - Karst (English spelling)

Japanese: カルスト - かるすと(英語表記)Karst
Karst - Karst (English spelling)

A plateau of limestone in western Slovenia, north of the Dinaric Alps, facing the Adriatic Sea. Because of the typical limestone topography developed here, the term karst topography has come to be used to describe the topography of other limestone regions as well. This region has thick deposits of Mesozoic limestone, which creates unique topography such as limestone caves, dolines, uvares, poljes, and karenfelds, which are formed when calcium carbonate, the main component of limestone, dissolves in rainwater and groundwater containing carbon dioxide. The annual precipitation in this region is 1,000 to 1,500 mm, which is by no means low, but the rainwater seeps into the ground, giving the impression that the surface is arid. There is some sheep and goat farming.

[Mitsui Yoshio]

[Reference] | Karst topography

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

スロベニア西部、ディナル・アルプスの北部、アドリア海に臨む石灰岩からなる台地。典型的な石灰岩地形が発達しているため、他の石灰岩地域の地形を表現する場合にも、カルスト地形ということばが用いられるようになった。この地方には中生代の石灰岩層が厚く堆積(たいせき)しているため、石灰岩の主成分である炭酸カルシウムが、炭酸ガスを含んだ雨水や地下水に溶解されてつくられる鍾乳洞(しょうにゅうどう)、ドリーネ、ウバーレ、ポリエ、カレンフェルトなどの特殊な地形をつくっている。この地方の年降水量は1000~1500ミリメートルで、けっして少なくないが、雨水が地中にしみ込むため地表は乾燥地帯のような印象を与える。ヒツジ、ヤギの牧畜が若干みられる。

[三井嘉都夫]

[参照項目] | カルスト地形

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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