A composite material with improved strength achieved by mixing glass fibers into plastic. The glass fibers used are thinner than a hair and have fewer defects on the surface, making it stronger than plate glass. On the other hand, plastic is lightweight and easy to mold, but has a structure of entangled polymer chains, making it soft and easily bent. Therefore, glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) was developed by mixing and solidifying glass fibers with plastic, making it lightweight, less prone to bending, and strong. Taking advantage of its light and strong properties, glass fiber reinforced plastic is used for a variety of purposes, including automotive parts, aircraft, space equipment, and electronic boards. Also, unlike steel, glass fiber reinforced plastic does not rust, making it suitable for marine structures. Carbon fiber or aramid fiber may be used instead of glass fiber. Reinforcements made by mixing glass fiber into cement or mortar instead of plastic have also been put to practical use. [Setsuro Ito] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
プラスチックにガラス繊維を混ぜることで強度を改善した複合材料。用いるガラス繊維は髪の毛よりも細く、表面に存在する欠陥が少ないため、板ガラスに比べて強度が高い。一方、プラスチックは、軽量で成形しやすいが、高分子鎖が絡み合った構造を有しており、やわらかく曲がりやすい。そこで、ガラス繊維をプラスチックで混ぜ固めることで、軽量で曲げにくく強度の高いガラス繊維強化プラスチック(GFRP)が開発された。軽くて強い特性を利用し、自動車用部品をはじめ、航空機、宇宙機器、電子基板など、さまざまな用途に用いられている。また、ガラス繊維強化プラスチックは鉄と異なり、さびないため、海洋構造物にも適している。ガラス繊維のかわりにカーボン繊維やアラミド繊維を用いる場合もある。プラスチックのかわりに、セメントやモルタルにガラス繊維を混ぜた強化材も実用化されている。 [伊藤節郎] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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