Mortar - Crow

Japanese: 唐臼 - からうす

A threshing tool from the Edo period, also called "tousu." In a mortar-type suribushi mortar, several people turn a wooden stick attached to the upper mortar to remove the husks and turn the rice into brown rice. It was introduced from China in the early Kanei period (first half of the 16th century), and was more efficient than the traditional wooden mortars, becoming widespread around the Kyoho period (1716-1736). There are also mortars that are similar to pounding mortars, in which the mortar part is placed on the ground and the pestle part is stepped on with the foot to thresh rice.

Source: Obunsha Japanese History Dictionary, Third Edition About Obunsha Japanese History Dictionary, Third Edition

Japanese:

江戸時代の脱穀具
「とううす」とも読む。すり臼系統の唐臼は，上臼に取り付けた遣木 (やりき) を数人で回し，籾 (もみ) がらをのぞいて玄米にする。寛永初年（16世紀前半）に中国からもたらされ，従来の木の臼より能率がよく，享保（1716〜36）ごろから普及。つき臼系統の唐臼もあり，これは臼の部分を地面にすえ，杵にあたる部分を足で踏み，脱穀する。

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