Kamuy Yukara - Kamuy Yukara

Japanese: カムイユーカラ - かむいゆーから

...However, yukar originally referred to the "yukar of the gods." The yukar of the gods are divided into "yukar of the nature gods," in the form of fire, wind, animal, and plant gods themselves speaking, and "yukar of the human gods," spoken by gods who are said to be the ancestors of humankind. The former were usually called kamuy-yukar and the latter oyna. However, this was the name used in the Iburi region and the Saru region of Hidaka, where relatively many records and written versions were made. In other regions, oina is often used to refer to the yukar of the nature gods, and there are also names such as sakolau, sakorupe, and matsu-yukar, so it is not uniform.

From [Yukara]

...The introduction of the "Yukara of the human gods" is similar to that of the "Yukara of humans," but the way the story develops and the style of narration can tell the difference. There is a custom of calling the "Yukara of the nature gods" Kamuy-yukar and the "Yukara of the human gods" Oyna, but this is a name adopted from regions where there were many written works (Saru region of Hidaka and Iburi region), and in many regions Oyna means the "Yukara of the nature gods." In some regions, the "Yukara of the gods" is called Matsu-yukar or Sakoraw, but Matsu-yukar means "female yukar," and this name was born because in eastern Hokkaido, the yukar of the gods was thought to be passed down by women.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Kamuy Yukar" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…しかしユーカラは，本来は〈神々のユーカラ〉を指す名称であった。神々のユーカラは，火･風神，動･植物神などが自ら語る形をとる〈自然神のユーカラ〉と，人間の始祖とされる神が語る〈人文神のユーカラ〉に分けられ，前者をカムイユーカラkamuy‐yukar，後者をオイナoynaと呼ぶのが通例であった。しかしそれは採録，文字化されたものが比較的多かった胆振（いぶり）地方と日高の沙流地方での呼称で，オイナといえば他の地方では自然神のユーカラをさす場合も多く，またサコラウ，サコルペ，マツユーカラなどの名称もあって一様ではない。…

【ユーカラ】より

…〈人文神のユーカラ〉は導入部が〈人間のユーカラ〉に似ているが，それ以降の物語の展開の仕方，語り口などで判別できる。〈自然神のユーカラ〉をカムイ･ユーカラkamuy‐yukar，〈人文神のユーカラ〉をオイナoynaと呼ぶ習慣があるが，これは文字化された作品が多かった地方(日高の沙流（さる）地方や胆振（いぶり）地方)の呼称を採用したものであり，オイナといえば逆に〈自然神のユーカラ〉を指す地方も多い。〈神々のユーカラ〉をマツ･ユーカラmat‐yukar，サコラウsakorawなどと呼ぶ地方もあるが，マツ･ユーカラは〈女のユーカラ〉の意で，道東地方では神々のユーカラは女性が伝承すべきものとされていたことからこの名が生まれた。…

※「カムイユーカラ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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