Flame whip party - Kabenkai

…While studying philosophy at Waseda University, he became involved in the socialist movement, and in 1904 he joined the Chokkodan, a group led by Tokijiro Kato, and wrote for the weekly Heimin Shimbun. The following year, he formed the Kabenkai, a group considered to be the pioneer of the proletarian literary movement, with Koken Yamaguchi and others. After the High Treason Incident, he became a writer while working as an editor for Weekly Sunday, and participated in the launch of Hechima no Hana, a magazine run by Toshihiko Sakai and others, but after that he gradually shifted his focus to historical theory and social studies. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Hibenikai" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…早稲田大学文学部哲学科に在学中から社会主義運動に接近，1904年には加藤時次郎主宰の〈直行団〉に参加したり，週刊《平民新聞》などにも執筆。翌年プロレタリア文学運動のさきがけと評される火鞭会（かべんかい）を山口孤剣らと結成。大逆事件後，《週刊サンデー》の編集のかたわら売文社員となり，堺利彦らの《へちまの花》創刊に参加したが，以後はしだいに史論や社会講談に力点を移した。…

※「火鞭会」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報