Chinese painting - Kanga

Japanese paintings were mainly created in imitation of Chinese paintings from the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. In the late Kamakura period, the import of Song and Yuan paintings became popular, and works imitating these new styles began to be created in Japan as well. This type of painting flourished during the Nanboku-cho and Muromachi periods, mainly in the Edo shogunate and Zen temples. However, at the time, this style of painting was called "Karae." Today, the term "Kan-ga," which was used in the Edo period, is more common. Since then, Kan-ga has become one of the two major trends in Japanese painting, along with Yamato-e, which had been cultivated since the Heian period, and they have competed and merged with each other, making early modern painting more fruitful. The Kano school, which arose in the Muromachi period and was the mainstream of the art world in the Edo period, is a school of Chinese painting. In addition, Nanga (literati painting), which emerged in the mid-Edo period under the influence of Ming and Qing paintings, was also called Chinese painting at the time.

[Etsuko Kato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

おもに中国の宋(そう)、元(げん)、明(みん)、清(しん)の絵画に倣って制作された日本絵画。鎌倉時代後期、宋・元絵画の舶載が盛んになったが、これら新画風に倣った作品が日本でも制作されるようになった。南北朝・室町時代には幕府および禅林を中心に、この種の絵画が隆盛を誇った。ただし当時はこのような画風の絵画を「唐絵(からえ)」とよんでいた。現在では、江戸時代になって用いられた「漢画」という呼称が一般的である。漢画は以後、平安時代からはぐくまれてきた「大和絵(やまとえ)」とともに日本絵画における二大潮流となり、相互に対立、融合しあい、近世絵画を実り多いものとした。室町時代におこり、江戸時代の画壇の主流であった狩野(かのう)派は漢画系の画系である。なお、江戸中期に明・清絵画の影響のもとに生まれた南画（文人画）も、当時は漢画とよばれていた。

［加藤悦子］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例