Also known as protein kinase or protein kinase. An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of transferring the phosphate group of ATP to the hydroxyl group of serine, threonine, or tyrosine in a protein, phosphorylating the protein. Many enzymes in cells and proteins with various functions are activated or regulated by phosphorylation, and protein kinases play an important biological role. They are second messengers within cells. Examples include protein kinase A, which is activated by cyclic AMP, protein kinase C, which is activated by calcium through the metabolic turnover of inositol lipids, and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
タンパク質リン酸化酵素,タンパク質キナーゼとも。タンパク質のセリン,トレオニンまたはチロシンのヒドロキシル基にATPのリン酸基を転移し,タンパク質をリン酸化する反応を触媒する酵素。細胞中の多くの酵素やさまざまな機能を担うタンパク質は,リン酸化によって活性化あるいは調節されるものが多く,プロテインキナーゼは生物学的に重要な役割を果たしている。細胞内の第2次メッセンジャーである。環状AMPによって活性化されるプロテインキナーゼA,カルシウムによってイノシトール脂質の代謝回転を介して活性化されるプロテインキナーゼC,カルモジュリン依存性プロテインキナーゼなどがある。
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