Alkylating Agents - Alkylkazymes

Japanese: アルキル化剤 - アルキルカザイ
Alkylating Agents - Alkylkazymes

What are alkylating agents?


Alkylating agents have two or more alkyl groups in a molecular compound and can bind to the nucleic acids (DNA and RNA, the most basic substances in living cells) of living cells. Protein Protein It is an anti-cancer drug that acts on the tissues, destroying DNA and inhibiting cell metabolism, causing fatal damage to cancer cells. The first alkylating agents were derived from yperite, a poisonous gas used in World War I, and this was the starting point for anti-cancer drugs. Because their action is similar to that of radiation, they were also called radiation-like agents.


The unique feature of alkylating agents is that they act at any stage in the cancer cell proliferation cycle and can be used to treat a wide range of cancers, including solid cancers (cancer cells that are concentrated in one place, such as breast cancer) and blood cancers (cancer cells that spread throughout the body, such as leukemia).


It is also used as an immunosuppressant. In addition, the higher the dose, the more effective it is, so it is common to use it in large doses as few times as possible.


The main side effects of alkylating agents are digestive symptoms and blood disorders. They can also affect the reproductive organs, skin, and immune system, so caution is required when using them for a long period of time.


Cyclophosphamide hydrate


Temozolomide preparations


Melphalan


Busulfan preparations


Procarbazine hydrochloride preparations

Source: Understanding the medicines you receive at the hospital: Medicine Guide, Electronic Revised Edition Understanding the medicines you receive at the hospital: Medicine Guide, Electronic Revised Edition Information

Japanese:

アルキル化剤とは


 アルキル化剤は、分子化合物中にアルキル基2個以上をもち、生体細胞の核酸(DNA、RNAで、生体細胞のもっとも基本的な物質)や蛋白たんぱく質に作用して、DNAなどを破壊したり細胞の代謝を阻害して、ガン細胞に致命的なダメージを与える抗ガン剤です。最初のアルキル化剤は、第一次世界大戦で使用された毒ガスのイペリットから考え出されたもので、これが抗ガン剤の出発点となりました。その作用が放射線と似ていることから、放射線様作用物ともいわれました。


 アルキル化剤の特長は、ガン細胞の増殖周期のどの時期にも作用し、固形系ガン(乳ガンなどガン細胞が一か所に固まっているもの)、血液系ガン(白血病のようにガン細胞が全身に広がるもの)など広い範囲に応用できることです。


 免疫抑制剤としても用いられます。また、用量が多いほど効果があるので、耐えられる限り1回量を多くし、使用回数を少なくした使用法が一般的です。


 アルキル化剤のおもな副作用として、消化器症状、血液障害があげられます。また、生殖器、皮膚、免疫系などに影響を与えることがあるので、長期間使用する場合には十分な注意が必要です。


シクロホスファミド水和物製剤


テモゾロミド製剤


メルファラン製剤


ブスルファン製剤


プロカルバジン塩酸塩製剤

出典 病院でもらった薬がわかる 薬の手引き 電子改訂版病院でもらった薬がわかる 薬の手引き 電子改訂版について 情報

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