Film director. Born in Kobe City. Film director Sadao Yamanaka is his maternal uncle. While studying mechanical engineering at Aichi Prefectural Technical School, he was impressed by films such as Daisuke Ito's "Ooka Seidan 2: Mazo-hen" (1930-1931), and moved to Tokyo with Yamanaka's help, where he was hired as an assistant director at Toho. After studying under Mikio Naruse and others, he moved to Riken Scientific Films in 1941 (Showa 16) and the Manchuria Film Association in 1944, where he worked on documentary films. After World War II, he worked as an assistant director at Daiei on Ito's "Soronin Makari Toru" (1947) and "Osho" (1948), and Akira Kurosawa's "Rashomon" (1950), before making his directorial debut with "Kennan Onna Nan" (1951), part 1 and part 2 for Takara Productions (an independent production company established in 1950, which produced period dramas distributed by Shintoho). In 1957, he moved his base of operations to Toei, where he met Nakamura Kinnosuke (later Yorozuya Kinnosuke) in "Genjikuro Sassouki: Nuregami Nito-ryu" (1957). In the travel-oriented period drama "Kaze to Onna to Tabigarasu" (1958), he ordered Kinnosuke and the rest of the cast to wear no makeup, blowing a hole in the Toei period drama world where white makeup was the norm. He further worked with Kinnosuke on "Mabuta no Haha" (1962) and "Kutsukake Tokijiro: Yūkyō Ippiki" (1966), pursuing the aesthetics of travel-oriented period dramas without any compromise, even in the low-budget, quick-shooting scenes. He also produced a wide variety of works within the genre of period dramas, including "Castle of Flames" (1960), an adaptation of "Hamlet" starring Hashizo Okawa (1929-1984); "Ghost Story of Oiwa" (1961), a thoroughly realist work that captures the heat of summer and the passions of men and women; "Sanada Fuunroku" (1963), a musical that vividly reflects the mood of the era following the Security Treaty protests; and "Bakumatsu Zankoku Monogatari" (1964), a group drama that exposes the inner workings of the Shinsengumi. When Toei shifted its focus from period dramas to gangster films, "Meiji Kyoukaiden: Third Generation Shuumei" (1965) was an emotional portrayal of a gangster (Tsuruta Koji (1924-1987)) torn between the rules of the underworld and love between a man and a woman, and was a masterpiece that set the tone for subsequent gangster films. "Hibotan Gambler: Hanafuda Match" (1969), "Hibotan Gambler: Oryu Visits" (1970), and "Hibotan Gambler: I'll Take Your Life" (1971) are also Kato's masterpieces, as they faithfully follow the format of gangster films but also sensitively depict the feminine side of the female gangster Oryu. In the course of mass-producing such works, Kato Tai's distinctive aesthetic was cultivated, including extremely low angles, for which he was even afraid to dig holes in the ground, and deep compositions that capture multiple objects in front of and behind the screen at the same time. In the 1970s, studios moved away from mass production and began to focus on blockbusters, but even in his major works such as The Theater of Life (1972), The Legend of Nihon Kyokaden (1973), and Like a Flame (1981), his unique fusion of stylized beauty and realism reached even greater depths. When his works were shown at special screenings at the Locarno Film Festival in Switzerland and the Rotterdam Film Festival in the Netherlands, he was greeted with great surprise, and he is still a filmmaker in the process of being "discovered." [Tsuneishi Fumiko] Documents List of Director's Works Submarine (1941) "Yamane Sadao, The World of Kato Tai, A Rogue One (1970, Gentosha)" ▽ "Ito Daisuke, The Poetry and Truth of Period Films, edited by Kato Tai (1976, Kinema Junposha)" ▽ "Film Director Yamanaka Sadao (1985, Kinema Junposha)" ▽ "Kato Tai's Film Flowers (1995, Wise Publishing)" [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
映画監督。神戸市に生まれる。映画監督の山中貞雄は母方の叔父にあたる。愛知県工業学校機械科に在学中、伊藤大輔の『続大岡政談 魔像篇』(1930~1931)などに感銘を受け、山中を頼って上京、東宝の助監督に採用される。成瀬巳喜男(みきお)などに師事したのち、1941年(昭和16)に理研科学映画、1944年には満州映画協会に移って記録映画を手がける。第二次世界大戦後は大映で伊藤の『素浪人罷(まかり)通る』(1947)や『王将』(1948)、黒澤明の『羅生門』(1950)などで助監督を務めたのち、宝プロ(1950年に設立された独立プロダクション。新東宝配給の時代劇を製作した)の『剣難女難』前後編(1951)で監督デビュー。1957年(昭和32)より活動の拠点を東映に移し、『源氏九郎颯爽(さっそう)記 濡れ髪二刀流』(1957)で中村錦之助(のちの萬屋(よろずや)錦之介)と出会う。股旅時代劇『風と女と旅鴉(たびがらす)』(1958)では錦之助はじめキャストすべてにノーメイクを命じ、白塗りが当然であった東映時代劇に風穴を開けた。錦之助とはさらに『瞼(まぶた)の母』(1962)と『沓掛(くつかけ)時次郎 遊侠一匹』(1966)で組み、低予算の早撮りであっても一切の妥協を許さず、股旅時代劇の美学を追求した。他に大川橋蔵(1929―1984)主演で『ハムレット』を翻案した『炎の城』(1960)、リアリズムに徹して夏の暑さと男女の情念を刻み付けた『怪談お岩の亡霊』(1961)、安保闘争後の時代の気分を色濃く反映させたミュージカル『真田(さなだ)風雲録』(1963)、新選組の内幕をあばく集団劇『幕末残酷物語』(1964)など、時代劇の枠内で多彩な作品を手がける。 東映が時代劇から任侠やくざ映画に路線を転換すると、『明治侠客伝 三代目襲名』(1965)で渡世の掟と男女の愛の間で煩悶する侠客(鶴田浩二(1924―1987))を情感豊かに描き、その後の任侠映画の基調を決定する佳品とした。『緋牡丹(ひぼたん)博徒 花札勝負』(1969)、『緋牡丹博徒 お竜参上』(1970)、『緋牡丹博徒 お命戴きます』(1971)の3作も、任侠映画の型を忠実に踏襲しながらも、女侠客お竜の女としての一面を繊細に描いたもので、加藤の代表作である。こうした作品を量産するなかで、地面に穴を掘ることも辞さない極端なローアングル、画面の前と奥とで同時に複数のものを捉える深い構図など、加藤泰特有の美学は培われた。1970年代に入ると、各社は量産をやめて大作主義をとるようになるが、『人生劇場』(1972)、『日本侠花伝』(1973)、『炎のごとく』(1981)などの大作でも独特の様式美とリアリズムの融合はさらなる深みに達した。スイスのロカルノ映画祭、オランダのロッテルダム映画祭などで特集上映が組まれた際には大きな驚きをもって迎えられ、今なお「発見」の途上にある映画作家である。 [常石史子] 資料 監督作品一覧潜水艦(1941) 『山根貞男著『遊侠一匹 加藤泰の世界』(1970・幻燈社)』▽『伊藤大輔著、加藤泰編『時代劇映画の詩と真実』(1976・キネマ旬報社)』▽『『映画監督山中貞雄』(1985・キネマ旬報社)』▽『『加藤泰映画華』(1995・ワイズ出版)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Governor of the River Channel (English: he-dao-zong-du; ho-tao-tsung-tu)
...Population: 36,400 (1993). An ancient Russian ...
French composer, arranger, conductor, and pianist...
…This partition is generally called the transvers...
A perennial plant of the Asteraceae family (APG c...
A mammal of the family Delphinidae in the suborder...
A general term for animals belonging to the order...
…Drawings can be broadly divided into the followi...
A philosophical position that adopts the basic pri...
...The basin of the Oyanagawa River, which flows ...
One of the islands in the Kutsuna Islands in the S...
…The reaction is irreversible. It is widely found...
A formal code of etiquette that stipulates the fo...
The subarctic zone is located between the temperat...
… [Hideo Oda]. … *Some of the terminology that re...
...Also called an elevator. A machine that transp...