An organization of printing workers established in November 1899 (Meiji 32). Along with the Ironworkers' Union and the Japan Railway Correction Association, it is one of the most representative labor union organizations in Japan at the dawn of the era. At the time, the printing industry was seeing a rise in momentum for the formation of labor unions under the influence of enlightened capitalists. After an independent labor organization collapsed under pressure, the Typesetting Workers' Union was formed with the principle of labor-management cooperation, with Shimada Saburo, president of the Mainichi Newspaper, as chairman and Kanai Noburu, a nationalist social policy scholar, as honorary members. The union had 2,000 members and had branches from the Kanto region to the Kinki region. However, the following year, in 1900 (Meiji 33), the attitude of management hardened around the time of the promulgation of the Public Order and Police Law, and an increasing number of people left the union. The union rapidly weakened and was forced to cease operations in May. [Akira Miyake] "The Japanese Labor Movement" by Sen Katayama (Iwanami Bunko) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1899年(明治32)11月に発足した印刷業労働者の組織。鉄工組合、日本鉄道矯正会と並んで、日本における黎明(れいめい)期の労働組合組織を代表する。当時、印刷業では、開明的資本家の影響下に労働組合結成の機運が高まっていた。自主的な労働者の組織が圧迫によって崩壊したのち、毎日新聞社長島田三郎を会長に、国家主義的社会政策学者金井延(かないのぶる)らを名誉会員に迎える活版工組合が、労資協調を理念として結成された。組合員は2000人に上り、関東地方から近畿地方にかけて支部が存在した。しかし翌1900年(明治33)、治安警察法公布の前後から経営者側の態度が硬化して、組合を離脱するものが増え、急速に衰えて5月には活動停止へと追い込まれた。 [三宅明正] 『片山潜著『日本の労働運動』(岩波文庫)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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