Also known as the common cold. A general term for acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract caused by various factors, also known as the common cold syndrome. It can include non-infectious conditions such as physical or chemical stimuli and allergies, but usually refers to inflammation of the upper respiratory tract caused by infectious causes, especially viruses. It is said that cold does not have much to do with onset. The causes of the disease include rhinovirus, adenovirus, echovirus, coxsackievirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, etc., and a microorganism called mycoplasma (PPLO) is also thought to be involved in addition to viruses. Symptoms vary in severity depending on the causative virus, but include general fatigue, fever, headache, nasal congestion, and watery to mucous to purulent nasal discharge. It is often accompanied by otitis media, sinusitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, and herpes labialis, and secondary bacterial infections can cause respiratory diseases. There is no vaccine to prevent the disease except for influenza. There is no special treatment for colds, and cold medicines are merely symptomatic treatments, but it is important to administer antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections (such as pneumonia), rest, drink plenty of fluids, and eat an easy-to-digest diet. →Symptomatic treatment→Related topics: Kakkonto | Upper respiratory tract infection | Convulsions | Air conditioning sickness Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
感冒とも。種々の原因による上気道の急性炎症の総称のことで,風邪症候群ともいう。物理的・化学的刺激によるもの,アレルギー性のものなど非感染性のものを含めることもあるが,普通は感染性,特にウイルスによる上気道の炎症をいう。寒冷は発症にそれほど関係しないという。病因には,ライノウイルス,アデノウイルス,エコーウイルス,コクサッキーウイルス,インフルエンザウイルス,パラインフルエンザウイルス等があり,ウイルス以外にマイコプラズマ(PPLO)という微生物も考えられている。症状は病因ウイルスによって軽重があるが,全身倦怠(けんたい),熱感,頭痛,鼻閉などがあり,鼻汁は水様〜粘液性〜膿性である。中耳炎,副鼻腔(びくう)炎,頸部リンパ節腫大,口唇(こうしん)ヘルペスを合併することが多く,細菌性二次感染によって呼吸器疾患などを起こすことがある。インフルエンザを除いてワクチン予防はない。特殊な治療薬もなく,風邪薬と呼ばれるものは対症療法剤にすぎないが,細菌性二次感染(肺炎など)を防ぐための抗生物質投与,安静,十分な水分,消化しやすい食事が大切である。→対症療法 →関連項目葛根湯|上気道炎|ひきつけ|冷房病 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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