…Around 1920, Adolphe Appia of Switzerland, who was both a stage designer and director, and Gordon Craig of England, advocated for the opera and the theater, respectively, placing emphasis on lighting and using light and shadow to create three-dimensional, symbolic stage sets. The lighting technology of the time was not sufficient to realize their proposals, and they ended up being theoretically unsuccessful. However, after the Second World War, Wieland Wagner (1917-66, grandson of R. Wagner), general director of the reopened Bayreuth Festival Theatre, inherited Appia's theories and achieved a wonderful fusion of direction, lighting, and stage design. … From [Wagner]...German composer. His librettos for music dramas occupy an important place in literary history. Born in Leipzig as the ninth child of his father, Friedrich Wagner, who was a police clerk. As a boy, he was fascinated by Greek literature and Shakespeare's plays, but after coming into contact with Beethoven's works, he decided to become a musician. At the age of 18, he entered the University of Leipzig and lectured on music and philosophy. From around 1832, he traveled around the country as a conductor. He wrote the libretto for his first opera, The Wedding Feast, in Prague, and began composing it after returning to Japan, but it was left unfinished. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Wagner, Wieland" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…1920年ころ,舞台美術家であるとともに演出家でもあったスイスのアッピアAdolphe Appiaとイギリスのゴードン・クレーグの2人が,前者はオペラ,後者は演劇の分野で,照明の重視と光と影による立体的,象徴的な舞台装置を提唱した。当時の照明技術では両者の提案を実現することができず理論倒れに終わったが,第2次大戦後,再開したバイロイト祝祭劇場の総監督ワーグナーWieland Wagner(1917‐66。R.ワーグナーの孫にあたる)が,アッピアの理論を継承し,演出と照明,舞台美術のみごとな融合を果たした。… 【ワーグナー】より…ドイツの作曲家。〈楽劇〉の台本で文学史上も重要な位置を占める。警察関係の書記をしていたフリードリヒ・ワーグナーを父に,その第9子としてライプチヒに生まれた。少年のころギリシア文学やシェークスピア劇に熱中したが,ベートーベンの作品に接し,音楽家になる決意をした。18歳のとき,ライプチヒ大学に入って音楽と哲学を聴講した。 1832年ころから指揮者として各地を遍歴する。最初のオペラ《婚礼》の台本をプラハで書き,帰国後作曲を始めたが,未完に終わった。… ※「Wagner,Wieland」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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