Theory of style - kakuchosetsu

Japanese: 格調説 - かくちょうせつ

…To break out of this slump, they advocated “literature in the Qin and Han dynasties, poetry in the prosperity of the Tang dynasties,” imitating the ideal poetry and prose of the ancients, and tried to grasp their “style.” This theory is called the “style theory.” It was inherited by the “Later Seven Sons,” centered around Li Panlong and Wang Shizhen, during the Jiajing and Longqing eras (1522-72), and Li Panlong in particular produced literature that was “antique and uniform in its thousand pieces.” …

From [Shen Deqian]

...It had been 100 years since the Qing dynasty was founded, and the attitude of Han Chinese intellectuals towards the Manchu dynasty was changing from a certain hesitation to active cooperation. This theory of poetry, called the "classical theory," respected the relationship of poetry to nature, governance, and ethics, based on traditional style and tone, and valued its gentle educational value. Although it was influenced by the theory of the Ming dynasty's Kobunji school, it had a more tolerant attitude towards the selection of classics. ...

From Li Mengyang

…While he was the deputy ambassador to Jiangxi, he debated with He Jingming through letters, with Li Mengyang's ideal being literature with old-fashioned expressions, while He Jingming's ideal being literature with new and fresh expressions. This theory is called the "theory of style." The poems he composed with Du Fu as his ideal included romantic poems that freely expressed his own lamentations, which touched the hearts of readers. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "tone theory" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その低迷を打破するために〈文は秦漢，詩は盛唐〉を標榜して，理想とする古人の詩文に模擬して作り，その〈格調〉をつかもうとした。その理論を〈格調説〉と称する。それは嘉靖･隆慶年間(1522‐72)の李攀竜（りはんりゆう），王世貞を中心とする〈後七子〉に継承され，とくに李攀竜の〈古色蒼然として，千篇一律〉な文学を生んだ。…

【沈徳潜】より

…ときあたかも清朝成立より100年，漢族知識人の満州王朝にたいする態度も，なにがしかの躊躇から積極的な協力へと転じつつあった。〈格調説〉とよばれるその詩論は，伝統的な格式と音調のもとに，詩が造化･施政･倫理との関係をたもつことを尊び，その温和な教育的効用を重んじた。明代の古文辞派の説をうけるものではあるが，古典の選択に対する態度はより寛容である。…