Karton - karton (English spelling) cartoon English

Japanese: カルトン - かるとん(英語表記)cartoon 英語
Karton - karton (English spelling) cartoon English

It is a cardboard, but in terms of painting materials, it refers to drawing boards and drawing clips made of cardboard, and is also used as a base for paintings. It also refers to a full-scale sketch drawn on thick paper to accurately transfer the composition in the production process of large-scale paintings such as frescoes and tapestries.

A fresco is usually made by first creating a painted original cartoon and then creating a second cartoon called a spolvero, which is a tracing of the outline of the original cartoon. Small holes are made in the spolvero, which is placed against the wall and the artist transfers the design by pouncing charcoal or chalk powder on it. Alternatively, the artist may place the cartoon against the wall and then strongly trace the outline with a stylus. Cartoons are often made for mosaics, stained glass, tapestries, etc., where the artist completes the painting and the artisan works on the original. The best-known example of a cartoon for tapestry is Raphael's Acts of the Apostles series for the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican.

[Hasegawa Saburo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

板紙(ボール紙)のことであるが、絵画材料では板紙でつくられた画板や、デッサン挟みをさすほか、絵画の基底物としても使われている。またフレスコ壁画のような大画面の絵画作品やタペストリーの制作過程において、構図を正確に転写するためにつくられる、厚手の紙に描かれた原寸大の下絵のこともいう。

 フレスコ制作のためのカルトンでは、彩色を施した第一のオリジナル・カルトンと、スポルベーロspolveroとよばれるオリジナル・カルトンの輪郭線をトレースした第二のカルトンが制作されることが多い。スポルベーロには輪郭線に従って小孔(こあな)があけられ、壁面にこれを当て、上から木炭やチョークの粉末などをはたきつけて(pouncing)構図を転写する。あるいは、カルトンを壁面に当て、輪郭線に従って硬筆stylusで強く引いて転写する方法もある。カルトンは、モザイク、ステンドグラス、タペストリー制作などのために描かれることも多く、このようなカルトンは、画家が絵画作品として完全に仕上げ、職人はこの原画に従って制作を進める。タペストリーのためのカルトンとしてもっともよく知られている例は、バチカンのシスティナ礼拝堂のためにラファエッロが描いた使徒行伝連作であろう。

[長谷川三郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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