Chronicles - Kijihonmatsutai

A form of historical narrative in premodern China. It was invented to make up for the weaknesses of annals and chronological history books, in which important events are selected from each era, and the beginning, development, twist, and conclusion of each event are described in a complete manner, following the dates. The first work in this style was the "Tongjian Chronicles (Compiled by Yuan Shu in the Southern Song Dynasty, 42 volumes)," a revised version of the "Zizhi Tongjian" by Sima Guang in the Northern Song Dynasty, a masterpiece of chronological history books. For example, the first volume is made up of three sections: "The Three Families Divide Jin," "Qin Unites the Six Kingdoms," and "Heroes Destroy Qin." During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there was the Zuo Zhuan Chronicles (compiled by Gao Shiqi of the Qing), and many chronicles in the form of chronicles were compiled for the Song, Yuan, Ming, Liao, Jin, Western Xia and other periods.

[Isamu Ogata]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、前近代の歴史叙述の形式の一つ。紀伝体(きでんたい)や編年体(へんねんたい)の歴史書の弱点を補うために創案された体裁であり、重要な事件を時代ごとに選び、各事件について完結的にその起承転結を年月日を追って叙述する。編年体の歴史書の代表作である、北宋(ほくそう)、司馬光(しばこう)の『資治通鑑(しじつがん)』を改編した『通鑑紀事本末(つがんきじほんまつ)』（南宋、袁枢撰(えんすうせん)。42巻）がこの形式の最初のものである。たとえばその第1巻は、「三家、晋(しん)を分ける」「秦(しん)、六国を并(あわ)す」「豪傑、秦を亡ぼす」の3項からなっている。明(みん)・清(しん)時代には『左伝(さでん)紀事本末』（清、高士奇(こうしき)撰）があり、また宋、元、明、遼(りょう)、金、西夏などの時代についての多くの紀事本末体のものが編纂(へんさん)された。

［尾形　勇］

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