al-'Askar (English spelling)

Japanese: al-‘Askar（英語表記）alAskar

The canal was built in the 15th century by the Pharaohs, and was known as the Canal of the Chief of the Faithful, the Egyptian Canal, or simply the Canal (Khalij). The trade with the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean supported the prosperity of Fustat. During the reign of the Tulunids (868-905) and the Ikhsids (935-969), the towns of al-'Askar and al-Qaṭā'i were built to the northeast of Fustat, and the area saw the influx of Iranians, Turks, and Armenians from the east, as well as Berbers from the Maghreb in the west.
[Development of Cairo]
When the Fatimid dynasty, which had risen in Tunisia, occupied Egypt in 969, General Jawhar (?-991) built the neatly-planned rectangular city of Miṣr al-Qāhira at the foot of the Muqattam Hill, north of Qata'i, and moved the capital there two years later. This was the political and military center where government offices, nobles, and direct troops were located, and Fustat reached its economic zenith during this period.

From Cairo

*Some of the terminology that refers to "al-'Askar" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…アムル･ブン･アルアースはファラオ時代以来のクルズム(スエズ)に至る運河を改修して紅海方面と直接の水運を開いたが，これは〈信徒の長の運河〉〈エジプト運河〉あるいは単に〈運河〉(ハリージュ)とよばれ，これによる紅海･インド洋方面との貿易がその後のフスタートの繁栄を支えた。トゥールーン朝(868‐905)，イフシード朝(935‐969)の時期には，フスタートの北東にそれぞれアスカルal‐‘Askarとカターイーal‐Qaṭā’i‘の町を建設し，東方からのイラン人，トルコ人，アルメニア人，西方マグリブからのベルベルの流入もみられた。
［カイロの発展］
　チュニジアに興ったファーティマ朝が969年エジプトを占領すると，将軍ジャウハルJawhar(？‐991)はカターイーの北方ムカッタムの丘の麓に区画整然たる矩形の都城カイロ(カーヒラ)Miṣr al‐Qāhiraをつくり，2年後に首都もここへ移ったが，これは政府諸官庁や王侯貴顕，直轄軍などの所在する政治･軍事中心で，経済面ではこの時代にフスタートが最盛期を迎えた。…