…It has been used for a long time in Europe and America, but since World War II, the demand for livestock products has increased while the agricultural labor force has been insufficient, and labor-saving management of large numbers of cattle has become necessary, and it has spread rapidly as one of the solutions. In Japan, it has also been adopted since around 1950, and is used for raising dairy and beef cattle, translated as the open-range method or free-range method, but it has not spread as much as in Europe and America due to differences in land base and location conditions for livestock management. For this method to be effective, it is necessary that the land area to be managed is large, roughage is supplied smoothly and can be stored easily, labor is difficult to obtain and the introduction of machinery is advantageous, and the scale of the cattle rearing is large and the cattle are suitable for group management. … *Some of the terminology used in reference to the "free range system" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…欧米では古くから用いられていたが,第2次大戦以降,畜産物の需要が拡大する一方で,農業労働力が不足したため,多頭省力管理が必要となり,その解決法の一つとして急速に普及した。日本においても,1950年ころから採用され始め,放飼い方式または解放飼い方式などと訳されて,乳牛または肉牛の飼育に用いられているが,土地基盤や畜産経営の立地条件などの違いから,欧米のようには普及していない。この方式がその有利性を発揮するためには,経営土地面積が広く粗飼料の供給が円滑で,その貯蔵が容易であること,労働力が得がたく機械の導入のほうが有利であること,飼育規模が大きくウシが群管理に適していることなどの条件が必要とされている。… ※「解放飼い方式」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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