Rotor - Rotor

Japanese: 回転翼 - かいてんよく(英語表記)rotor
Rotor - Rotor

A wing that is attached to a rotating shaft and rotates around it to generate lift (rotor thrust). It consists of two to six long, thin wings, a metal fitting (rotor hub) that connects them, a rotating shaft, and a mechanism that changes the angle (pitch) of the wings. In rotorcraft, the wings are rotated by power, and the pitch can be changed to increase or decrease lift (thrust), or the plane of rotation of the wings can be tilted to fly the aircraft in any direction, up, down, forward, backward, left or right. The wings that perform this role are called main rotors, and the rotors that prevent the fuselage of the aircraft from rotating in reverse due to the reaction of the rotation of the main rotors or that are used to change the direction of flight are called auxiliary rotors or tail rotors. Since main rotors generate lift by rotating the wings, they do not need to generate lift by running the aircraft as in fixed-wing aircraft. Therefore, they can be given flight characteristics that cannot be obtained with fixed-wing aircraft, such as taking off and landing vertically without ground running, stopping in the air, and flying horizontally or backwards. Rotors are classified according to their function, drive method, type of attachment to the hub, number of rotor blades, arrangement and number of rotors on the aircraft, and mode of operation, and there are many different styles of each.

[Kazuo Ochiai]

[References] | Rotorcraft | Helicopters

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

回転軸に取り付けられ、その周りを回転して揚力(ローター推力)を生じさせる翼。細くて長い2枚から6枚の翼と、それらを結合する金具(ローター・ハブ)、回転軸、翼の角度(ピッチ)を変える機構とで構成される。回転翼航空機においては動力によって翼を回転させ、ピッチを変えることによって揚力(推力)を加減したり、翼の回転面を傾けて航空機を上下前後左右の任意の方向へ飛行させることができる。こうした役割をもつ翼を主回転翼といい、主回転翼の回転の反動で航空機の胴体が逆に回されることを防いだり、飛行方向を変えるのに用いられる回転翼を補助回転翼または尾部ローターという。主回転翼は、翼を回転させることで揚力が生じるため、固定翼機のように航空機を走らせて揚力を得る必要がない。したがって地上滑走なしに垂直に離着陸したり、空中で停止したり、横ばいや後退飛行など、固定翼機では得られない飛行特性を与えることができる。回転翼は、その機能、駆動方法、ハブとの結合方式、ローター・ブレードの数、航空機における回転翼の配置や数、作動様式などによって分類され、それぞれに数多くの様式がある。

[落合一夫]

[参照項目] | 回転翼航空機 | ヘリコプター

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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