Revised Prison Law - Revised Prison Law

...In the West, organizations for the protection of ex-prisoners were established for charitable purposes from the late 18th century, but modern systems of community-based treatment such as parole (parole with probation, since the late 18th century) and probation (suspended sentence with probation, since the mid-19th century) were also in place (see the entry on "Penal Administration"). After the Meiji Restoration, the Prison Law of 1872 stipulated that ex-convicts with no prospects for a livelihood be kept in the penal facility, but the enforcement was suspended the following year, and the Revised Prison Law of 1882 established a system of separate detention in which those with no place to turn after the completion of their sentences were allowed to remain in separate cells of the prison and work on a living, depending on their circumstances. Among the private sector, Kanehara Meizen established the Shizuoka Kanzenkai in 1880, which gave sermons in prison and also provided protection for ex-convicts. In 1888, he and Kawamura Kyoichiro and others established the Shizuoka Prefecture Ex-Prisoner Protection Company with the aim of providing protection for ex-convicts and preventing them from reoffending, becoming pioneers in rehabilitation services.

*Some of the terminology mentioned in the "Revised Prison Rules" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…欧米では，18世紀後半から出獄者の保護の団体が慈善目的で作られていたが，近代的な社会内処遇の制度であるパロール(保護観察付仮釈放，18世紀末以来)や，プロベーション(保護観察付刑の猶予，19世紀半ば以来)の制度も整ってきていた(〈行刑〉の項参照)。　明治維新後，1872年の監獄則は刑余者で生計の見通しのない者を懲治場にとどめるという規定を定めたが翌年施行が停止され，1882年施行の〈改正監獄則〉が，刑期満限の後頼るべき所のない者はその情状により監獄の別房にとどめ生業を営ましめるとする別房留置の制度を発足させた。民間においては，金原明善が，1880年に獄中における説教を行うかたわら刑余者の保護も行った静岡勧善会を発足させ，88年には，川村矯一郎らとともに，出獄者を保護し再犯を予防する目的で静岡県出獄人保護会社を設立し，更生保護事業の先駆となった。…

※「改正監獄則」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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