A theorem that gives the symmetry of transport coefficients (electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, etc.) in a system that is slightly shifted from a state of thermal equilibrium. When the strength of the flow J i can be written as J i = Σ L ij X j with its conjugate force X i , L ij is called the Onsager coefficient, and L. Onsager showed from a consideration of the time change of fluctuations that L ij = L ji , unless there is something that destroys the symmetry of space, such as a magnetic field. This relationship is called the reciprocity theorem. This can be considered an example of the existence of reversibility in microscopic phenomena at the basis of the irreversible macroscopic phenomena that we encounter with our eyes. (→ Thermodynamics of irreversible processes ) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
熱平衡状態からわずかにずれた系における輸送係数 (電気伝導度,熱伝導度など) の対称性を与える定理。流れの強さ Ji がそれに共役な力 Xi によって Ji=ΣLijXj と書けるとき,Lij をオンサーガー係数といい,磁界など空間の対称性をこわすものが存在しないかぎり Lij=Lji であることを,L. オンサーガーはゆらぎの時間変化の考察から示した。この関係を相反定理という。これはわれわれの眼に触れる非可逆な巨視的現象の基礎に,微視的現象の可逆性が存在している一例と考えられる。 (→不可逆過程の熱力学 )
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
…The Berkshire Bread Act was a system of wage sub...
...It is said that salt wholesalers who shipped d...
The ancient Roman arena was named after its sandy ...
These are settlements surrounded by levees, found...
...However, the radical reconstruction policies o...
American sociologist. Born in Philadelphia. After...
…[Rokuya Imaseki]. . … *Some of the terminology t...
…[Rokuya Imaseki]. . … *Some of the terminology t...
…As long as money exists, counterfeit money may c...
...The family of JF Kennedy, the 35th President o...
It is believed to have spread to aristocratic soci...
…The most active office at court was the archival...
An ideological organization of scholars formed in ...
Judaism is the religion of the Jews. Currently, s...
…[Yoshiharu Imaizumi]. … *Some of the terminology...