...Therefore, in practice, the hardness test method is first defined, and then the resulting value is defined as the hardness. There are many types of hardness test methods, but the most common are indentation hardness tests (Brinell hardness test, Vickers hardness test, Rockwell hardness test, etc.), which utilize the fact that the harder the material, the greater the force required to intrude into it; rebound hardness tests (Shore hardness test, etc.), which utilize the fact that the harder the material, the greater the rebound; and scratch hardness tests (Martens scratch hardness test, etc.), which utilize the fact that the harder the material, the less likely it is to be scratched; the main ones are specified in the JIS. In any test method, the higher the hardness value obtained, the harder the material is. ... *Some of the terms used in "indentation hardness testing" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…そのため実際にはまず硬さ試験法を定義し,その結果得られる値を硬さと定義する方法がとられている。硬さ試験法にも多くの種類があるが,代表的なものを分類すると,硬い材料ほど物を押し込むのに大きな力を必要とすることを利用した押込み硬さ試験(ブリネル硬さ試験,ビッカース硬さ試験,ロックウェル硬さ試験など),硬い材料ほど反発が大きいことを利用した反発硬さ試験(ショア硬さ試験など),硬い材料ほど引っかききずができにくいことを利用した引っかき硬さ試験(マルテンス引っかき硬さ試験など)などがあり,おもなものはJISに規定されている。いずれの試験法においても得られた硬さ値が大きい材料ほど硬いことを意味する。… ※「押込み硬さ試験」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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