Okayama Orphanage

Japanese: 岡山孤児院 - おかやまこじいん

…He dropped out of Kogyokusha Junior High School in Shiba, Tokyo, and worked in wilderness development in his hometown and became a police officer, but he fell ill and met a Christian doctor, and entered Okayama Prefectural Class A Medical School. While he was a student, in 1887, he decided to educate poor orphans, so he dropped out and founded the Okayama Orphanage. After taking in orphans from the Nobi earthquake, the facility grew to a huge facility for over 1,000 people, and he operated a development farm in Chausuhara, his hometown, where he moved the orphans. …

From [Child Welfare]

...The "Jiyutsukiyu Rules" that were established in 1874 and continued for more than half a century until 1932 included a system of providing 7 to of rice per year to extremely poor orphans under the age of 13. During the Meiji period, juvenile protection facilities and childcare facilities began to be established, and a representative childcare facility was the Okayama Orphanage (1887) established by Ishii Juji, and a private reformatory was the Home School (1899) established by Tomeoka Kosuke. Catholic-based facilities included Yokohama Jinindo (1872), Urakami Youikuin (1874), and Hakodate Seiboroku Girls' School (1878). ...

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "Okayama Orphanage" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…東京芝の攻玉舎中学を中退し，郷里で荒野開拓事業をしたり警察官になったりしたが，病を得てキリスト教徒の医師と出会い，岡山県甲種医学校に入学した。在学中の1887年，貧児孤児教育を志し，中退して岡山孤児院を創設した。濃尾地震の孤児収容後は千数百人の巨大施設となり，郷里の茶臼原に開拓農場を経営して，孤児を移した。…

【児童福祉】より

…74年の制定以来，1932年まで半世紀以上も続いた〈恤救（じゆつきゆう）規則〉は13歳以下の極貧孤児に対し，1年につき米7斗を支給するという制度を盛り込んでいた。　明治年間，少年保護施設や育児施設が設立され始めたが，代表的な育児施設としては石井十次による岡山孤児院(1887)があり，民間感化院としては，留岡幸助による家庭学校(1899)があった。カトリックに基づく施設としては，横浜慈仁堂(1872)，浦上養育院(1874)，函館聖保禄女学校(1878)等がある。…

※「岡山孤児院」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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