Osaka International Airport

Japanese: 大阪国際空港 - おおさかこくさいくうこう
Osaka International Airport

It is a company-managed airport that straddles Itami City, Hyogo Prefecture, and Toyonaka City and Ikeda City, Osaka Prefecture. It is also called Itami Airport. It has a total area of ​​about 3.11 million square meters. It has two runways, one 1,828 meters long and the other 3,000 meters long. It was once the gateway to the Kansai region with 12 berths for international flights and 16 for domestic flights, but since the opening of Kansai International Airport in September 1994, it has only operated domestic flights. It is operated by the private company Kansai Airports Co., Ltd., and the land and facilities are owned and managed by the special company New Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd. In 2015, the annual number of takeoffs and landings was about 139,000, the annual number of passengers was about 14.54 million, and the annual amount of cargo handled was about 131,000 tons. Transportation to Osaka International Airport is provided by the monorail (Osaka Rapid Transit) and buses from various terminals (Osaka Airport Transportation, etc.).

Its predecessor was Osaka Airport in Kizukawajiri, Osaka City, but it was too small, transportation to the airport was inconvenient, and factory chimneys were an obstacle, so it was moved to Kamitsu Village, Kawanobe County, Hyogo Prefecture (now Itami City) on January 17, 1939 (Showa 14) and opened as Osaka Second Airport (Itami Airport). As aircraft became larger, Itami Airport, with its short runway of only 830 meters, was avoided. Construction work on expanding it began, but when World War II began, it was converted into a military airport, and after Japan's defeat, it was requisitioned as an American air base. When civil aviation in Japan resumed in 1951 (Showa 26), it was used jointly with the U.S. military, and was returned in its entirety by the U.S. military in March 1958.

In July 1959, it was designated a Type 1 airport and renamed Osaka International Airport, making a fresh start. Due to events such as the Tokyo Olympics (1964) and Expo '70, the number of airport users increased year by year, so a 3,000-meter runway was constructed. However, aircraft noise became an issue, leading to a lawsuit with local residents, and strict restrictions were placed on the number of jet planes that could take off and land, as well as the hours of operation, leading Itami City to declare the airport's removal.

As a result, construction of Japan's first 24-hour airport was started 5 kilometers off the coast of Senshu, and Kansai International Airport opened on September 4, 1994. During that time, the existence of Osaka International Airport was debated, but in 1990 it was decided that it should continue. In July 1999, the international terminal building, which had been closed since 1994, was renovated and opened as the South Terminal Building. An observation deck about 400 meters long was also installed.

In July 2012, it was merged with Kansai International Airport, and the management and operation of the airport was transferred to New Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd., a special company established in the same year. A concession (sale of business operating rights) was then carried out, and the airport has been operated by Kansai Airports since April 2016.

[Juichi Inoki, Tsukasa Yasui, and editorial staff, November 18, 2016]

[Reference items] | Kansai Airports Co., Ltd. | Kansai International Airport | New Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd.
Osaka International Airport
Photographed from the south. Itami City, Hyogo Prefecture / Toyonaka City and Ikeda City, Osaka Prefecture ©Shogakukan ">

Osaka International Airport


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

兵庫県伊丹(いたみ)市と、大阪府豊中(とよなか)市・池田市にまたがる会社管理空港。伊丹空港ともよばれる。総面積約311万平方メートル。1828メートルと3000メートルの2本の滑走路がある。かつては国際線12バース、国内線16バースをもつ関西の空の表玄関であったが、1994年(平成6)9月の関西国際空港開港後は国内線の運行のみとなった。民間企業の関西エアポート株式会社が運営し、特殊会社の新関西国際空港株式会社が用地・施設を保有・管理する。2015年(平成27)の年間発着回数は約13万9000回、年間旅客数は約1454万人、年間取扱貨物量は約13万1000トンを数える。大阪国際空港への交通機関としては、モノレール(大阪高速鉄道)と、各地のターミナルからのバス(大阪空港交通など)がある。

 大阪市木津川尻(きづがわじり)の大阪飛行場がその前身であるが、手狭なうえ、飛行場までの交通が不便で、また工場の煙突が障害となり、当時の兵庫県川辺(かわのべ)郡神津(かみつ)村(現、伊丹市)に1939年(昭和14)1月17日移転、大阪第二飛行場(伊丹飛行場)として開場した。航空機の大型化が進むと、長さ830メートルと短い滑走路の伊丹飛行場は敬遠された。そこで拡張工事が始められたが、第二次世界大戦が始まると軍用空港に転用され、敗戦後にはアメリカの空軍基地として接収された。1951年(昭和26)日本の民間航空が再開されると、米軍との共同使用となり、1958年3月米軍から全面返還された。

 1959年(昭和34)7月第1種空港の指定を受け、大阪国際空港と改称して再スタートを切った。東京オリンピック(1964)や日本万国博覧会(1970)などの開催により、空港利用客は年々増加したため、3000メートル滑走路が建設された。一方、航空機騒音が問題化し、地域住民との間で裁判となり、ジェット機の発着回数や使用時間帯などに厳しい制限を受け、伊丹市が空港の撤去まで宣言した。

 このことから、泉州沖5キロメートルに日本初の24時間空港の建設が進められ、1994年(平成6)9月4日関西国際空港が開港した。その間、大阪国際空港の存廃が論議されたが、1990年に存続と決定した。1999年7月には1994年以降閉鎖されていた国際線ターミナルビルが改装されて南ターミナルビルとしてオープン。約400メートルの展望デッキも設置された。

 2012年7月、関西国際空港と経営統合され、空港の管理・運営は同年設立された特殊会社の新関西国際空港株式会社に移管された。その後、コンセッション(事業運営権の売却)が実施され、2016年4月より関西エアポート株式会社による運営が行われている。

[位野木壽一・安井 司・編集部 2016年11月18日]

[参照項目] | 関西エアポート(株) | 関西国際空港 | 新関西国際空港(株)
大阪国際空港
南方上空より撮影。兵庫県伊丹市/大阪府豊中市・池田市©Shogakukan">

大阪国際空港


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