Stress state

Japanese: 応力状態 - おうりょくじょうたい
Stress state

...This problem involves determining the bending of a rod when a load is hung from one end of a rod fixed to a wall, and for the next two centuries it was studied by many scholars as a problem of mathematical physics, forming the basis of the system of strength of materials. During this time, R. Hooke discovered the law of elasticity, Kelvin established the concept of internal forces, and in 1820 A.L. Cauchy established the concept of the state of stress.
[Surface stress]
As shown in Figure 1 , if we imagine a cross section A at a - a ' in an object on which external forces P1 and P2 act with equal magnitude and opposite direction, and consider the balance of the part to the right of A, there should be no balance unless a force Q1 acting on this part is equal to and opposite to the external force P1 .

*Some of the terms that refer to "stress state" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…この問題は一端を壁に固定した棒の他端に荷をつり下げたときの棒の曲りを求めることであり,その後約2世紀にわたり数理物理学の問題として多くの学者により研究され,材料力学の体系を形成するもととなった。この間にR.フックによる弾性の法則の発見,ケルビンによる内力の概念の確立を経て,1820年A.L.コーシーにより応力状態の概念が確立された。
[面の応力]
 図1のように大きさが等しく向きが反対の外力P1,P2が作用する物体中のaa′に断面Aを仮想し,Aより右の部分のつり合いを考えると,この部分には外力P1と大きさが等しく反対向きの力Q1が作用していなければつり合わないはずである。…

※「応力状態」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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