Kamakura Oban Yaku (Kamakura Guard Post)

Japanese: 鎌倉大番役 - かまくらおおばんやく

One of the duties of the shogunate's vassals to guard the various gates of the shogunate during the Kamakura period. Similar duties had existed since the time of Minamoto no Yoritomo, but the name "Obanyaku" came into use only after Fujiwara no Yoritsune's visit to the Shogunate in 1219. In 1225, the system of Tono-Izamurai (staying samurai) was established. The Tono-Izamurai was to be served by the appropriate vassals under the Hojo clan, who were dispatched by a deputy governor, while the Nishi-Izamurai was to be served by vassals from 15 provinces, including Totomi, in rotation; these were called "Obanyaku." After the Jokyu War, the Kyoto Obanyaku was improved, and this was organized to correspond to this.
→ Related topics On-en (favor) and Hō-kō (service)｜Sankin-kōtai (alternate attendance)

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

鎌倉期の幕府諸門警固のための御家人役の一つ。源頼朝の時代から類似の役はあったが，大番役の名称が用いられるようになったのは，1219年藤原頼経の下向以後。1225年には宿侍(とのいざむらい)の制が定められた。東小侍は北条氏以下しかるべき御家人が代官を派遣して侍し，西侍は遠江など15ヵ国の御家人が交替で勤番することとなり，これを大番役と称した。承久の乱後，京都大番役の整備が進み，これに対応するかたちで整えられた。
→関連項目御恩・奉公｜参勤交代

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