Long distance fare reduction - enkyori teigen unchin

…Due to the above circumstances, what has come into effect in the determination of actual fares is the application of the ability to bear principle, with the restriction of prohibiting "unfair" discrimination in terms of personnel, material, and geographical areas, and it could be said that the cost principle has rather had a restraining effect on the actual implementation of the ability to bear principle. Looking more specifically at railways, the implementation of the ability to bear principle has given them two important characteristics: classification and a tapering rate system of fares for long distances. Each transport object is classified into several classes according to the expected ability to bear fares, and the same fare rate is applied to transport objects belonging to the same class, even if there is a difference in direct transportation costs. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "long-distance diminishing fares" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…以上のような事情により現実の運賃決定において効力をもってきたのは，支配的に〈不当な〉人的･物的･地域的差別行為の禁止という制約を付された負担力原理の適用であり，費用原理はむしろ現実の負担力原理の実践に対する抑制効果をもってきたというべきであろう。　鉄道に関してより具体的にみれば，負担力原理の実践は，等級分類classificationと遠距離逓減運賃tapering rate systemという二つの重要な特質を与えた。各輸送対象は期待される運賃負担力の大きさにより数個の等級に分類され，同一等級に属する輸送対象は，たとえ直接的な運送費に差がある場合にも，同一の運賃率が適用される。…

※「遠距離逓減運賃」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報