Caucasian languages - Caucasian languages (English spelling)

Japanese: カフカス諸語 - カフカスしょご（英語表記）Caucasian languages

The languages spoken in the Caucasus region are divided into North Caucasian and South Caucasian. The former are further divided into (1) East Caucasian (also called Dagestani languages, consisting of Avar, Andi, Dargva, Samur, Lak, Chechen, etc.) and (2) West Caucasian (also called Abkhaz-Aduige languages, consisting of Abkhaz, Aduige, and Ubykh). The South Caucasian (also called Kartvelian languages, consisting of Georgian, Zan, and Svan). There is a theory that the three groups, including the North and South Caucasian languages and Basque in the Pyrenees, form the Ibero-Caucasian language family. However, although the East and West Caucasian languages are related, the kinship between the North and South Caucasian languages has not been established, and therefore the relationship between the two and Basque has not been proven. The phonological systems of Caucasian languages, especially West Caucasian languages, are famous for being rich in consonants and few vowels.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

カフカス地方に話される諸言語で，北カフカス諸語と南カフカス諸語から成る。前者は，さらに (1) 東カフカス諸語 (ダゲスタン諸語ともいい，アワル語，アンディ語，ダルグヮ語，サムル語，ラク語，チェチェン語などから成る) と (2) 西カフカス諸語 (アブハズ＝アドゥイゲ諸語ともいい，アブハズ語，アドゥイゲ語，ウビフ語から成る) に分れる。南カフカス諸語はカルトベリ諸語ともいい，グルジア語，ザン語，スワン語から成る。南北カフカス諸語にピレネー山中のバスク語を含めて，3グループがイベロ＝カフカス語族をなすとする説もある。しかし，東西両カフカス諸語は同系であるが，南北両カフカス諸語間の親族関係は未確立であり，したがって両者とバスク語との関係も証明されていない。カフカス諸語，特に西カフカス諸語の音韻体系は子音が豊富で母音が少いことで有名。

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