Essex (Warship) - Essex

Japanese: エセックス(軍艦) - えせっくす
Essex (Warship) - Essex


[During World War II]
At the beginning of the Pacific War, the attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and the Battle of the Malay Sea demonstrated that the concentrated attack power of naval air forces overwhelmed conventional capital ships. Furthermore, in the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway, the outcome of the naval battles was decided by battles between aircraft carriers. The nature of naval combat changed dramatically, shifting from main gun battles to preemptive air attacks, and aircraft carriers suddenly replaced battleships as the main players in naval forces. In order to expand their mobile fleet and prevent losses, the United States promoted the mass construction of Essex-class ships (approximately 27,000 tons), which became the central force of the U.S. Navy in the latter half of the war. Just before the Pacific War, Japan completed the Shokaku and Zuikaku, and then built the large aircraft carrier Taiho (approximately 29,000 tons), the first Japanese to feature a hurricane bow and a bulletproof flight deck.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Essex (warship)" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[第2次大戦中]
 太平洋戦争の開戦初頭のハワイ真珠湾攻撃およびマレー沖海戦において,海軍航空部隊の集中攻撃力が従来の主力艦を圧倒することが実証され,さらにサンゴ海海戦およびミッドウェー海戦においては,空母同士の対決が海戦の勝敗を決することになり,海上戦闘様相は一変して,主砲砲戦から先制航空攻撃に移り変わり,空母は一躍戦艦に替わって海上兵力の主役に躍進した。アメリカは機動部隊の拡充と損耗対策のために,エセックスEssex型(約2万7000トン)の大量建造を促進し,これが大戦後半におけるアメリカ海軍の中心勢力となった。日本は太平洋戦争直前に翔鶴,瑞鶴を完成させ,続いて日本では初めてのハリケーンバウ,飛行甲板耐弾防御を採用した大型空母大鳳(約2万9000トン)を建造した。…

※「エセックス(軍艦)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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