AGIL diagram - AGIL diagram

Japanese: AGIL 図式 - えーじーあいえるずしき
AGIL diagram - AGIL diagram

…The theoretical characteristics of social systems theory, which is the core of functionalist sociology, are that it establishes a theory of the functional requirements that must be met in order for a system to survive or achieve homeostasis, and that normative elements are essential for the stabilization of social interactions. In other words, in this position, which considers society to be a large-scale, sustainable, and self-sufficient system of social interactions, it is said that in order to avoid radical changes in the system, even if the system causes functional disorders due to its internal contradictions, it must satisfy four functional requirements: adaptation (A), goal achievement (G), integration (I), and pattern maintenance (L) (AGIL diagram). In addition, it is also characteristic of this position that social norms are considered to be the central trigger for social status and roles, which are the basic units of social systems analysis, and that they are emphasized in socialization and control. …

From Parsons

...Also, by considering the cultural system outside the personality system and social system, Parsons explained that the goals of actions such as values ​​and ideals come from cultural elements, and that it is possible to overcome the dilemma of utilitarianism, which falls into the "randomness of goals." Parsons listed four functional requirements for an action system: adaptation, goal achievement, integration, and latent pattern maintenance. He called the sub-systems that are primarily responsible for these four the A, G, I, and L divisions (AGIL diagram). Mutual exchange of inputs and outputs (boundary mutual exchange) takes place between these four divisions, and the media used in these exchanges are money, power, influence, and value commitment (media theory). ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "AGIL diagram" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ところで,機能主義社会学の中核である社会システム論の理論的特質は,システムの存続あるいはホメオスタシスの達成のために充足すべき機能的要件の理論を整備したことと,社会的相互作用の安定化にとって規範的要素が不可欠であることが主張されている点である。すなわち,大規模で,持続的で自給自足的な社会的相互作用のシステムをもって社会とみなすこの立場にあっては,システムがその内部矛盾によって機能障害を引き起こした場合も,システムのラディカルな変動を回避するためには,適応(A),目標達成(G),統合(I),パターン維持(L)という四つの機能的要件を充足せねばならぬとされる(AGIL図式)。また,社会システム分析の基本的単位である社会的地位・役割にとって中枢的契機をなすものが社会的規範とされ,社会化や統制においてそれが強調されるのもこの立場の特徴である。…

【パーソンズ】より

…また,パーソナリティ・システムと社会システムの外に文化システムを考えることによって,価値とか理念のような行為の目標が文化要素からくると説明し,〈目標のランダムネス〉に陥る功利主義のジレンマを克服し得るとした。 パーソンズは行為システムの機能的要件として,適応adaptation,目標達成goalattainment,統合integration,潜在的パターンの維持latent pattern maintenanceの四つをあげ,これら四つをそれぞれ第1次的に受け持つサブ・システムをA部門,G部門,I部門,L部門と呼んだ(AGIL図式)。これら4部門のあいだには相互にインプットとアウトプットの交換(境界相互交換)が行われ,それらの交換におけるメディアとして貨幣,権力,影響力,価値コミットメントの四つがあげられる(メディア理論)。…

※「AGIL 図式」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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