...Therefore, this term does not refer to a specific film art movement, but rather to avant-garde films, underground films, sometimes documentaries, animation films, amateur films, small films, etc., all of which are collectively referred to as "experimental films." The term "experimental films" is said to have been first used in 1920 by the Soviet "Experimental Film Studio" established by Lev Kuleshov, but in America, where the industrialization of film progressed quickly, the term "experimental film" is said to have been completely synonymous with amateur film. According to film historian L. Jacobs, American "experimental films" were strongly inspired by the montage theory and works of German expressionist films, French avant-garde films, and Soviet films, and were born in New York on the East Coast, as opposed to the West Coast, where the film kingdom of Hollywood was located. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "experimental film" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…したがってこの名称は特定の映画芸術運動を指すのではなく,アバンギャルド映画,アンダーグラウンド映画から,ときにはドキュメンタリー映画,アニメーション映画,あるいはまたアマチュア映画,小型映画などもその意味で〈実験映画〉の名で総称される。〈実験映画〉という名称は,1920年にソビエトのレフ・クレショフがつくった〈実験映画工房〉に使われたのが最初といわれているが,映画の産業化がいち早く進展したアメリカでは,〈エクスペリメンタル・フィルム〉ということばはアマチュア映画とまったく同義語であったといわれる。映画史家L.ジェーコブズによれば,アメリカの〈エクスペリメンタル・フィルム〉はドイツの表現主義映画,フランスのアバンギャルド映画およびソビエト映画のモンタージュ理論とその作品に強い刺激をうけ,映画王国ハリウッドがあった西海岸に対して東海岸のニューヨークで生まれた。… ※「エクスペリメンタル・フィルム」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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