Class A war criminals - E-kyu Senpan

Japanese: Ａ級戦犯 - えーきゅうせんぱん

...those who were prosecuted and punished for war crimes by Allied military tribunals after World War II.
[Class A war criminals]
During World War II, the Allies placed the responsibility for the aggression and atrocities committed by the Axis powers, such as Germany and Japan, on the leaders of those powers, declaring that they would be severely punished. In October 1943, the leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union issued the Moscow Declaration, which stipulated that in addition to the "ordinary war crimes" set out in the existing international law of war, "major criminals" whose crimes had no specific geographical limitations, namely the German war leaders, would be punished by joint decision of the Allies.

From the Tokyo Trials

The International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMT) was an international military tribunal that tried 28 Japanese prewar and wartime leaders as "major war criminals" (Class A war criminals) for their war crimes.
[Prehistory]
The war aims of the Allied powers during World War II were consistently to defend themselves against and punish the Axis powers, including Japan, Germany, and Italy, for their aggression and atrocities, and it was the Allied powers' common goal to punish the Axis leaders and war crimes after the war ended.

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "Class A war criminals" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…第2次世界大戦後，連合国の軍事裁判で戦争犯罪について訴追，処罰されたもの。
［A級戦犯］
　第2次大戦中，連合国はドイツや日本など枢軸国による侵略や残虐行為の責任を枢軸国の指導者に集中させ，彼らをきびしく処罰することを声明した。1943年10月，米英ソ三国首脳は〈モスクワ宣言〉を発し，従来の戦時国際法が示す〈通例の戦争犯罪〉に加え，犯罪に特定の地理的制限をもたない〈主要犯罪人〉，すなわちドイツの戦争指導者については連合国間の共同決定によって処罰することを規定した。…

【東京裁判】より

…正式の名称は極東国際軍事裁判International Military Tribunal for the Far East。日本の戦前･戦中の指導者28名の被告を〈主要戦争犯罪人〉(A級戦犯)として，彼らの戦争犯罪を審理した国際軍事裁判。
［前史］
　第2次大戦中の連合国の戦争目的には，日独伊など枢軸国による侵略と残虐行為に対する自衛と制裁の方針が一貫して掲げられており，戦争終結後に枢軸国の戦争指導者と戦争犯罪を処罰することは，連合国の共通目標だった。…

※「Ａ級戦犯」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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