Official - Yakunin

Japanese: 役人 - やくにん

〘noun〙① A person with a role. A person who takes on a role. An official. A person in charge. ※Chuu-u-ki, August 15, 1127 (Taiji 2) " _{It is indeed} natural that the mountain guardians _{should be made} into officials, as _monks are the _ones to watch over the mountains." ※Taiheiki (late 14th century) 24 "The accompanying soldiers, sword-carrying, haori-wearing, and plain - robed officials all followed the instructions and drew the line." ② A person who holds an official position. A person engaged in public duties. An official. A bureaucrat. A public servant. ※Ouchi clan rules and regulations, Article 131, May 1, 1489 (Chokyo 3) "In the case of stolen property, _we should put it in _custody _and _criticize the official in charge." ※Kaika no Hanashi (1879)〈Tsuji Koso〉First "The official would not be used due to his lack of rank. " ③ A person who plays a role in the performing arts. An actor. An actor. Sometimes it also includes musicians . A performer. *Sarugaku Dangi (1430) - About the old man at the fundraising stage: "When he has finished dancing and taken off his mask, someone who is not an actor should take it and hand it over to him and put it in a box." 4. In the Edo period, a person who owned fields and a house, and paid the labor service for the house. They formed the core of rural areas in the early modern period. A government official. *Chiho Hanreiroku (1794) 10: "The ceremony of paying taxes and other accounts, <abbreviated> The peasants are made to sign, the headman issues a promissory note to the small peasants, and the official seal is placed on the account." 5. A person who has smallpox . *Zappai - Yanagi Taru-hachi (1773) - "Even children are difficult when you become a government official."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 役目のある人。役を受け持ってする人。役員。係の者。※中右記‐大治二年（1127）八月一五日「山守事以_レ僧為_二役人_一、誠可_レ然也」※太平記（１４Ｃ後）二四「随兵、帯刀、直垂著、布衣の役(ヤク)人、悉く次第を守り列を引き」② 官職に就いている人。公務に従事している人。官人。吏員。公務員。※大内氏掟書‐一三一条・長享三年（1489）五月日「彼盗物之事、預_二置其所之役人_一可_二批判_一」※開化のはなし（1879）〈辻弘想〉初「官人(ヤクニン)も品流(いへがら)で用ゆる事もなく」③ 芸能で、役をつとめる人。役者。俳優。また、囃子方(はやしかた)などを含めていうこともある。出演者。※申楽談儀（1430）勧進の舞台、翁の事「舞過て、面を脱ぐをも、やくにんにあらざる者取りて渡して、箱に納むべし」④ 江戸時代、田畑・屋敷を所持し、一軒前の夫役（労役）、すなわち本役を負担する者。近世初頭における農村構成の中心をなす。役屋。※地方凡例録（1794）一〇「年貢其外勘定の儀、〈略〉百姓に印形させ、名主より小百姓方へ手形を出し、帳の結目に役人押切判をして」⑤ 疱瘡(ほうそう)にかかった人。※雑俳・柳多留‐八（1773）「役人に成ると小児もむつかしい」

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