Eurydice (Fairy) - Eurydice

Japanese: エウリュディケ(妖精) - えうりゅでぃけ
Eurydice (Fairy) - Eurydice

…For this reason, when he participated in the Argonauts' expedition (Argonaut legend), he calmed the waves with his lyre, and when he reached a dangerous place at sea where the Sirens were waiting, he overcame their magic song with his own song to keep the ship safe. After returning from the expedition, he married the nymph Eurydice, but she was soon bitten by a poisonous snake and died. In order to get his beloved wife back, he went down to the underworld and moved the heart of Hades, the king of the underworld, with his music, and obtained permission to take her back on the promise that he would never look back until he reached the surface. However, when he was just about to reach the surface, he looked back at his wife and lost her forever. …

From [Myth]


[Japanese and Greek mythology]
Japanese mythology also bears a strong resemblance in many respects to Greek mythology, which also comes from a region far removed from Japan. The story of Izanagi's visit to the underworld, in which a husband travels a long way to the underworld to bring his dead wife back to earth, fails because he disobeys the prohibition imposed in the underworld not to look at his wife, and must return to earth alone, corresponds exactly to the Greek story of Orpheus and Eurydice. Moreover, in Japanese mythology, when Izanagi arrives in the underworld, Izanami is said to have lamented that she had already eaten the food of the underworld, and therefore could not immediately return to earth with her husband, even though he had come to fetch her.

From [Nymph]

…They are also called Hamadryades because they were believed to end their lives with the drys (oak) tree. Examples include Eurydice, who became the wife of Orpheus, and Daphne, who transformed herself into a laurel tree to escape the wooing of Apollo. (3) Alseides: A forest nymph. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Eurydice (fairy)" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…このため,アルゴナウタイの遠征(アルゴナウタイ伝説)に参加したときも,琴を弾じて浪風をしずめ,セイレンたちの待ちかまえる海の難所では,みずからの歌で彼女たちの魔法の歌を負かして船の安全を保った。遠征から帰ると,ニンフのエウリュディケEurydikēを妻としたが,彼女がじきに毒蛇にかまれて死んだため,彼は最愛の妻を取り戻すべく,地下界に下って音楽で冥府の王ハデスの心を動かし,地上に出るまでは決して後ろをふりむかないという約束で妻を連れ帰る許しを得た。しかし地上にあと一歩というところで後ろの妻をふり返ったため,永久に彼女を失った。…

【神話】より


[日本神話とギリシア神話]
 日本神話はまた,これも日本から遠く隔たった地域であるギリシアの神話とも,いろいろな点で,偶然の所為とは思えぬほどよく似ている。イザナキの〈黄泉国(よみのくに)訪問〉の話は,死んだ妻を地上に連れ戻そうとして,地下の死者の国まではるばる旅をして行った夫が,冥府で課された妻を見てはならぬという禁止に背いたために失敗し,一人で地上に帰らねばならなかったという筋が,ギリシア神話のオルフェウスとエウリュディケの話にまったく一致している。そのうえ日本神話では,イザナキが冥府に着いたとき,イザナミは,自分がすでに黄泉の国の食物を食べてしまったために,せっかく迎えに来てくれても,すぐには夫といっしょに地上に戻ることができないと言って嘆いたと言われている。…

【ニンフ】より

…樹木drys(カシの木)とともに生hamaを終えると信じられたところから,ハマドリュアデスHamadryadesとも呼ばれる。オルフェウスの妻となったエウリュディケEurydikē,アポロンの求愛を逃れるべく月桂樹に変身したダフネなど。(3)アルセイデスAlseides 森のニンフ。…

※「エウリュディケ(妖精)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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