Upper ionosphere - upper ionosphere

Japanese: 上側電離圏 - うわがわでんりけん
Upper ionosphere - upper ionosphere

…The E and F1 layers are formed by a balance between the generation of ionization by solar radiation and the annihilation due to recombination, but in addition to generation and annihilation, redistribution due to the diffusion of charged particles plays an important role in the formation of the F2 layer. The upper and lower ionospheres are distinguished by the peak altitude of the F2 layer, and are called the lower (bottomside) ionosphere and the upper (topside) ionosphere. The gas (plasma) consisting of ions (mainly hydrogen ions) and electrons generated in the upper ionosphere spreads along the magnetic field lines of the Earth's magnetic field to an altitude of about 30,000 km above the equator, and this region is called the plasmasphere. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "upper ionosphere" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…E層とF1層は太陽放射線による電離生成と再結合による消滅がつり合って形成されるが,F2層の形成には生成と消滅に加えて荷電粒子の拡散による再分布が重要な働きをしている。F2層のピーク高度を境にして上下を区別し,下側(ボトムサイドbottomside)電離圏および上側(トップサイドtopside)電離圏とよぶ。上側電離圏で生成されたイオン(おもに水素イオン)と電子からなる気体(プラズマ)は地球磁場の磁力線に沿って赤道上空約3万kmの高度にまで広がっており,この領域をプラズマ圏とよぶ。…

※「上側電離圏」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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