Urobilinogen

Japanese: ウロビリノーゲン(英語表記)urobilinogen
Urobilinogen
A colorless substance produced when the bile pigment bilirubin is reduced by intestinal bacteria in the intestinal tract. It is easily oxidized in the air and turns into brown urobilin. Urobilin and urobilinogen are collectively called urobilin bodies. Most urobilinogen in the intestinal tract is excreted with feces, while some enters the bloodstream and is excreted in urine via the kidneys to become urinary urobilinogen. Some is reabsorbed from the intestinal tract and returned to the liver to become bilirubin (this is called the enterohepatic circulation). Urinary urobilinogen increases due to liver dysfunction and decreases in obstructive jaundice, so the state of liver disease can be examined by measuring the amount excreted in urine.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
胆汁色素のビリルビンが腸管内で腸内細菌によって還元されて生じる無色の物質。空気中で酸化されやすく,褐色のウロビリンに変る。このウロビリンとウロビリノーゲンをまとめてウロビリン体という。腸管内のウロビリノーゲンはほとんどは糞便とともに排泄され,一部は血中に入り腎臓を経て尿中に排泄され尿ウロビリノーゲンとなる。また一部は腸管から再び吸収されて肝臓に回収されてビルビリンになる (腸肝循環という) 。尿ウロビリノーゲンは肝機能障害などによって増加し,閉塞性黄疸で減少するので,尿中の排泄量を測定することによって肝臓疾患の状態を調べることができる。

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