…The Ethiopian Orthodox Church continues to walk its own path as a theology of “unity.” In terms of food and clothing, cotton shawls called shamma and a unique food called injera have become common. Injera is made from teff, a Japanese grass family, fermented and baked into a thin dough. … From Ethiopia...the nobles, priests, and soldiers were large landowners and had a complex feudal relationship with the tenant peasants. The peasants cultivated wheat, barley, corn, and teff (a type of grass native to Ethiopia), and injera, a fermented bread, was their staple food. It is difficult to distinguish between the Tigre and the Amhara, but the Tigre lived in isolated mountain ranges in northern Ethiopia and Eritrea, and resisted Amhara rule. From [Bread]...In the Middle East, there is also a round, flat bread called baladi, baked at high temperatures in the bottom of an oven, and the further west you go, the more varieties of bread there are. Other examples include the Mexican tortilla, which is made from corn and is a type of unleavened bread, and the Ethiopian injera, which is made from teff, a grain that can be considered a type of fermented bread. The bread culture around the world is diverse, depending on a variety of conditions, from the nature, climate, and ingredients to cooking utensils and tableware, but the following will focus on the history of bread in the narrow sense. *Some of the terminology that mentions "injera" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…エチオピア正教会は,〈渾然一体〉の神学として独自の道を歩み続けている。衣食の面では,シャンマとよばれる綿製のショールや,独特の食事インジェラが一般化している。インジェラは,テフという日本のニワホコリ(イネ科)の仲間を原料とし,その練粉を発酵させて薄く焼いたものである。… 【エチオピア】より…貴族,僧侶,軍人たちは大土地所有者であり,小作農民とのあいだの封建的関係が複雑に入り組んでいる。農民は小麦,大麦,トウモロコシ,テフ(エチオピア固有のイネ科の穀物)などを栽培し,インジェラという発酵パンを主食とした。ティグレ族とアムハラ族の区別はむずかしいが,ティグレ族はエチオピア北部とエリトリアにかけて,孤立した山塊に居住して,アムハラ族の支配に抵抗した。… 【パン】より…これと並んで中東には,かまどの底で高温で焼いたバラディーという丸く平らなパンもあり,西へいくほど,パン類の種類は豊富になる。そのほかでは,トウモロコシを材料としたメキシコのトルティリャは無発酵のパン類,テフという雑穀を材料としたエチオピアのインジェラは発酵性のパン類の一種ということもできよう。世界のパン類文化は自然,気候,材料から調理道具,食器などにいたるさまざまな条件によって多様だが,以下ここでは,狭義のパンの歴史を中心に記述する。… ※「インジェラ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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