Kenzan Katayama

A Confucian scholar of the mid-Edo period. A member of the Eclectic School. His given name was Seban, his pen name was Shukushitsu, and he was commonly known as Tozo. Kaneyama was his pen name. He was from Kozuke Province (Gunma Prefecture). He went to Edo and studied under Udono Shinei (1710-1774) of the Sorai School, and was adopted by Usami Shinsui (1710-1776), a direct disciple of Sorai, but later began to have doubts about Sorai's philosophy and left his foster home. He eventually reconciled the theories of various Chinese schools from the Tang and Song dynasties, established a school of thought that prioritized the teachings of the sutras over rhetoric, and became a proponent of eclecticism, earning him the nickname Inoue Kinga. He became known to the world for publishing Sanshiten, which added ancient annotations to the Four Books and Five Classics, and his scholarship came to be known as Sanshigaku. In his later years, he was involved in the proofreading of Gunsho Jiyo, a work published by the Owari clan. He wrote many works, including Sanshi Suitou (1775), Sanshi Ibun, Gakuyo Kaihaishitsu, Kobun Kokyo Byoan, and Analects Ikka.

[Yasuki Kinugasa, May 19, 2016]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸中期の儒学者。折衷(せっちゅう)学派。名は世璠(せばん)、字(あざな)は叔瑟(しゅくしつ)、通称は東造(とうぞう)。兼山はその号。上野(こうずけ)国（群馬県）の人。江戸に出て、徂徠(そらい)学派の鵜殿士寧(うどのしねい)（1710―1774）に学び、徂徠直門の宇佐美灊水(うさみしんすい)（1710―1776）の養子となったが、のち徂徠学に疑問を抱くようになり養家を去った。やがて中国唐宋(とうそう)諸家の説を折衷し、修辞よりも経義を重んじる一家言を打ち立て、井上金峨(いのうえきんが)と併称される折衷学の提唱者となった。「四書五経」に古注で訓点をつけた『山子点(さんしてん)』を刊行して世に知られ、その学問は「山子学」とよばれた。晩年、尾張(おわり)藩の『群書治要』校刻に関与した。『山子垂統』（1775）『山子遺文』『学庸解廃疾(がくようかいはいしつ)』『古文孝経標注』『論語一貫』など多数の著作がある。

［衣笠安喜　2016年5月19日］

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