Temporary Leave System - Ichijikikyuuseido

Japanese: 一時帰休制度 - いちじききゅうせいど

…It is a method of employment adjustment in which a company leaves all or part of its workers for a certain period of time when the demand for labor decreases due to a recession or reduced operation due to a company's worsening performance. It is officially called the temporary leave system. It was often used during the recession of the 1950s, when young female workers in the textile and electrical industries were sent back to their parents' homes for a while, so the name "furlough" was used. …

From [Unemployment]

...Generally, unemployment is defined as being unable to find work despite having the ability and will to work. Specifically, who is considered to be unemployed and what conditions must be met to be considered unemployed? In Japan, the Labor Force Survey (Statistics Bureau of the Management and Coordination Agency) is used to count the number of unemployed people, and unemployment statistics (see Labor Statistics) are compiled by asking households about their activity status for the week ending on the last day of each month (survey week) each month. According to this labor force survey, a completely unemployed person is defined as (1) a person who is unemployed and has not worked at all during the survey week, (2) a person who is able and willing to work, and (3) a person who is looking for work, and a person who is ready to take work if a job becomes available and is waiting for the results of a job search that was conducted in the past. ...

*Some explanations of terms that refer to the "temporary leave system" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…雇用調整のひとつの方法で，不況や企業の業績悪化による操業短縮などにより労働需要が減少した場合に，企業が労働者の全部または一部を一定期間休業させる制度をいい，正式には一時帰休制度と称する。1950年代の不況の時期にたびたび用いられ，繊維･電機産業などで若年女子労働者を一時親もとに帰したため〈帰休〉の名が使われた。…

【失業】より

…一般には，働く能力と意志とをもちながら職に就けないことを失業と定義する。具体的に，だれがどのような要件を満たすとき実際に失業者とみなされるのか。失業者を数えあげる統計として日本では〈労働力調査〉(総務庁統計局)があり，毎月世帯を通じて毎月末日に終わる1週間(〈調査週間〉)の活動状態を質問することによって失業統計(〈労働統計〉の頂参照)が作成されている。この労働力調査によれば〈完全失業者〉とは，(1)仕事がなくて，調査週間中に少しも仕事をしなかった者のうち，(2)就業が可能でこれを希望し，(3)かつ仕事を探していた者，および仕事があればすぐに就ける状態で過去に行った求職活動の結果を待っている者，と定義されている。…

※「一時帰休制度」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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